Living on rainwater in Mexico: what daily life is like
San Cristóbal de las Casas, Chiapas · 2024–2026
On 22 March 2024, we moved into the house in San Cristóbal de las Casas, Chiapas. That first night we had water in one bathroom sink. There was no glass in the windows, and the door count was one: the front door.
The new roof’s first rain, before any pipes were fitted to carry it to the cistern.
Moving in before it was finished
We slept on three mattresses on the floor by the entrance. The one bedroom was too small for all of us and still had a rough concrete floor.
It may have looked like squatting, but it felt like an adventure.
By the second night I’d connected the kitchen sink to the roof tank. Gravity did the rest. Other taps could wait. Each day brought another chance to make the house work a little better.
I’d only just got electricity after years of building with hand tools. That felt like such a win that my worries about water had faded.
There was no mains connection, but I expected the roof to catch rain from May to November. The first time it rained on the new roof, before any pipes were fitted, we’d all stood and watched it pour to the ground. I didn’t know how regularly the 10,000-litre cistern would fill. At least there was a river in front of the house.
I had chosen flush toilets, set up to use as little water as possible, and hoped we could keep using them all year. I was prepared to build compost toilets outside if we needed them.
We moved in early because my rent had been rising faster than my earnings. After years of building, the house still wasn’t completely finished, but when my rental contract was coming to an end I didn’t want another six months in the same place.
Moving with a pickup seemed to take ten times as many trips as I’d planned. By then, the condition of the house was in an unreachable part of my brain. At least the years of bicycle trips to work on the house were over.
I’ve described the catchment, storage, filtering and wastewater arrangements in my off-grid water guide. This is how we got used to living with them.
Rain for the house, river water for the laundry
For the first few months, the children and their mother washed our clothes in the river.
Washing clothes in the river in front of the house, in our first months there, 2024.
Two months after we moved in, the rains arrived. From the start, I’d used a pump to lift water from the cistern, with a long hose to fill the 1,100-litre tank on the roof. One person below switched on the pump while another climbed a ladder to hold the hose in the tank, then yelled down when it was full.
A tankful could last us a week if we used it sparingly and took quick showers. We were careful, just in case we ended up having to take our soap down to the river.
We soon learned that the roof caught more than enough water for those simple daily needs. But I didn’t want to connect the washing machine and upset the balance, particularly when we had no idea what the dry season would be like.
Instead, we carried river water up to the washing machine. The riverbank is steep, so we told ourselves we were getting a good workout for our arms and shoulders. The dirty clothes still piled up faster than we could wash them. It wasn’t just physically tough: it took time, and the buckets sloshed water over us as we climbed the bank.
By the end of the year I had installed proper piping from the cistern to the roof tank. Nobody had to pose as a fireman at the top of a ladder holding the hose anymore. We still had to check the tank and switch the pump on and off ourselves.
Getting through our first dry season
Luckily for our water supply, the dry season in San Cristóbal brings cold nights and often cold days from November through March. It can be warm in the sun and icy inside the house. Fewer hot, sweaty days meant fewer occasions when a shower felt essential, particularly for the wellbeing of anyone standing nearby.
On paper, a full cistern held about nine tankfuls: nine weeks of careful use, against a dry season of nearly six months. I checked the cistern every couple of weeks, and showers were rationed to two or three per person per week. That made the children particularly happy.
All through the dry season we saw many families coming to the river to wash clothes, and even to transport water in barrels back to their communities.
By the end of April, a few weeks before the rains usually start, the cistern was about 90% empty. Sporadic light rain had helped us get that far. Seeing it so low gave me mixed feelings. We’d made it this far through the dry season, and that was pretty impressive for a family of four. But there was a slight disappointment too: we were so close to the first rains, and perhaps not going to make it without a water truck (pipa).
Then some early rain got us over the finish line. We’d met our goal of getting through on our own supply.
More storage, and the end of river laundry
In 2025 I added a second 1,100-litre Rotoplas on the roof, so the pump now fills two tanks from the cistern. Extra tanks let me add capacity without enlarging the concrete cistern already buried in the ground.
That same year I fitted guttering to the concrete roof, then added a 1,100-litre and a 500-litre tank to catch its water for washing clothes. The runoff looks less clean than what comes off the tin roof, so I keep it for laundry.
We no longer use the river. It looks far less clean than when we moved in, so I’m particularly glad we no longer depend on it.
Learning when to save water and when to enjoy it
It took me two wet and dry seasons to become less frugal when it rains. I’m always conscious of how precious the water is, and changing habits twice a year still takes some adjustment. In the dry months I try to make every drop count. When the rains return, I can shower for ten minutes every day and enjoy having plenty.
A shower with rainwater feels wonderful. Whether it’s partly psychological or I really do glow like an angel afterwards, the jury’s out. The showerheads, toilet tanks and kettle stay free of limescale, which is a benefit I can actually see.
I use rainwater from the tap to fill my ceramic drinking-water filter, and I prefer its taste to the bottled water I used to buy. It’s what my children now take to school in their flasks. That preference isn’t a water-quality test: collected rainwater needs treatment and testing suited to how it will be used, as the CDC’s guidance on collecting rainwater explains.
I like having the seasons shape our behaviour. Moving between saving water and having plenty keeps me appreciative of it.
A song without pauses between the beats would become a wall of sound. The pauses help make it music.
The switch I’m still proud of
We switched the pump on and off manually for two years before I installed an electronic float switch in 2026. Now it responds to the water level in the roof tank and operates the pump for us.
The family adjusted to the convenience immediately. No more going up to the roof, climbing up to the tinaco and peering in to see how much water remained. No more checking when to switch the pump off.
Before the float switch: climbing the stand to see how much was left in the 1,100-litre roof tank.Switching the cistern pump on by hand, with company. Since 2026 the float switch does it.
After a couple of weeks, everyone was bored of hearing me boast about how nobody had to go up to the roof anymore, and how amazing it was that the tank now filled itself.
I still see the cable running down to the pump in front of my bedroom each morning, and secretly look at it with pride.
This is one household’s experience in San Cristóbal de las Casas, Chiapas, from March 2024 to 2026, written from my own notes and memory. Rainfall, roofs, storage and water use differ from site to site. How we drink our rainwater is our own choice, not a recommendation or a water-quality standard.
— Luke Burchell
About the author
Written by Luke Burchell. I self-managed the build of this house in San Cristóbal de las Casas while working full time, and fitted much of its rainwater system myself, from the pump and roof tanks to the guttering and float switch. We’ve lived on rainwater since March 2024. Read my full story →
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San Francisco Las Flores, and the beans that wouldn’t cook
Huehuetenango, Guatemala · 2013
I went to San Francisco Las Flores twice in 2013, both times to help families cook with less firewood. What I remember best is the night I couldn’t cook a pot of beans.
San Francisco Las Flores, 2013: young maize on the valley floor, houses at its edges, forest up the slopes.
Two trips into the Cuchumatanes
San Francisco Las Flores is a village in the municipality of Chiantla, Huehuetenango, deep in Guatemala’s Cuchumatanes mountains. It mattered to the stove project before I ever got there. The engineers at ACODIHUE, a regional development association working with smallholder farmers across Huehuetenango, came from San Francisco Las Flores, and they had chosen the cookstove I’d designed.
The first trip was in March. Juan, the young man I’d trained to install stoves, came over from Nebaj the day before, and we met in Huehuetenango at about 5.30 in the morning. We were picked up and driven up into mountains I already knew well. The road to San Francisco Las Flores leads off from San Juan Ixcoy and runs alongside a beautiful emerald-blue river.
The installing was slow, with just the two of us following a plan agreed with the leaders of each community. We worked until dark every day, and some nights we slept in the house where we’d put in the last stove of the day. Some houses in San Francisco Las Flores had no road to them, so the last stretch was by mule; I’ve told that part in the stove’s own story.
I went back in July, in the rainy season, for three days, with a colleague and three American engineering students. We were testing a second stove I’d designed, a small rocket stove for tortillas and big pots of corn, and asking families how the stoves they’d bought were working.
Three meals a day
I was leading the group, and the hardest part of the job turned out to be feeding everyone three times a day. The days were cool and wet, and by evening we were all hungry. We stayed in a wooden cabin and cooked on a gas stove, by the light of our own solar lamps, because there was no electricity.
Our cabin in San Francisco Las Flores, July 2013 — a colleague on the porch, the valley behind. One child’s face has been blurred.
One night I had beans on that stove for four hours, and they were still hard. Not undercooked: inedible. It was getting late.
So we carried the pot through the dark to the nearest house. The family’s fire was still lit. The woman of the house added some cal, the lime people use to soak corn for tortillas, and cooked the beans over her fire for another hour. It was around ten at night when we finally ate.
Her stove wasn’t one of ours. I noticed how much wood was burning in it, and how open the flame was at the intake: the way the traditional concrete stoves were built, the kind the programme was there to replace.
We’d come to replace stoves like hers. That night, hers cooked our dinner.
It wasn’t a verdict on either stove. She had a fire still burning at ten at night, and knew what to put in the pot.
A waterfall in San Francisco Las Flores, 2013.
What I was told about the peas
The community leader told me the snap peas grown on those slopes went to the UK. I didn’t see the fields where they were grown, but it still felt strange to be in a remote corner of Guatemala and think that my family back in the UK might be buying peas from here in their local supermarket. San Francisco Las Flores was a long way from the big export plantations on the coast. As I understood it, its peas reached the UK through the networking and hard work of the village’s leaders, and I liked knowing that the same leaders had been involved in choosing the stoves going into local families’ kitchens.
Afterwards
For about three years after the stoves went in, my colleague, the regional coordinator for Huehuetenango, and I kept hearing from the community leader that they were working well, with no problems using or maintaining them. That’s second-hand, but it was the news a stove programme hopes for. In the years after, I was supporting the team in Quiché with their own local manufacturing of portable stoves.
I haven’t been back to San Francisco Las Flores since 2013. I still drive up into Huehuetenango a few times a year, across the border at La Mesilla, but I can’t tell you what the village is like now: how far the road reaches, whether there’s anywhere to stay, what grows on those slopes, or whether those stoves are still lit.
Thirteen years on, I still think it’s one of the most beautiful parts of Guatemala.
I say that after eight years living in Guatemala and working in dozens, possibly hundreds, of communities. It’s the heavily forested mountains, the areas of alpine cloud forest, the waterfalls and rivers, and almost no tourism. If you want to get well away from the tourism of Antigua and Lake Atitlán, Huehuetenango and communities like San Francisco Las Flores make a stunning adventure, with fewer comforts.
Weigh the official advice first. The US State Department tells Americans not to travel to Huehuetenango department at all, because of crime and terrorism by cartels, gangs and criminal organisations. The UK government‘s warning is narrower: a strip along the Mexican border and three towns, none of them near San Juan Ixcoy. I checked both in October 2026. My own trips there are my experience, not a safety rating.
I still have a motorcycle in Guatemala, and I plan to ride back with my son in 2027 to see the community again.
This is a personal account of two short visits in 2013, written from memory more than a decade later. Numbers are as I recall them. The peas and the later news about the stoves are what I was told, not things I saw. Nothing here describes San Francisco Las Flores today.
— Luke Burchell
About the author
Written by Luke Burchell. I spent more than a decade on community work in Guatemala, Mexico and South Africa, much of it in rural villages. I designed the cookstove this programme installed, and went to San Francisco Las Flores twice in 2013 to install and evaluate stoves. I now live in San Cristóbal de las Casas, Chiapas. Read my full story →
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Balneario Isla de María: our river escape near Tuxtla
By six in the evening, when the air cools and the little biting flies come out, the day visitors have usually gone. From then until late the next morning, the river is ours.
Our old tent on the lawn above the river at Isla de María.
The Alternative Lives FactorOur family’s verdict · overnight stays since 2021, latest July 2026
For five years we’ve made the hour-and-twenty-minute drive from San Cristóbal de las Casas to the same balneario by a thermal river outside Tuxtla Gutiérrez — summer holidays, and again at Christmas. We’re friends now with the family who live at and run the site. We’ve never seen it advertised by a tour agency in San Cristóbal.
There is very little here, and that’s the point: a warm and inviting river running over small limestone cascades, a lawn under the coconut palms, and a couple of picnic tables. You come for the water. This page is how a visit works, for a day or for a night, and what I’d tell a friend before they went.
The visit at a glance · 2026
Where
Balneario Isla de María, one of several balnearios around Las Islas Marías, outside Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas — an hour and twenty minutes’ drive from San Cristóbal.
Finding it
Drive slowly on the approach: the sign sits down the bank beside the road, and you only see it as you’re about to pass the entrance. The Street View link below shows the approach.
A day visit
MX$40 ✓ per person to park and use the river (2026).
Camping
MX$40 ✓ per person for the afternoon and one night; stay past 9am and you pay again (July 2026). The tent comes down before 10am, so there’s space for day visitors.
Hours
No formal opening hours: the family live there, and they’re up by about 6.30am. The gate closes around 8pm — tell them if you’ll be coming back later.
Facilities
A couple of picnic tables, toilets you flush with a bucket of water, and no showers. Bring your own food and drink, or pick it up on the way.
On the way
Roadside stalls in América Libre sell cooked chicken, corn and fresh chicharrón. A few minutes before the balnearios, a Pemex with a Circle K has what an OXXO has, plus a coffee machine.
When it’s busy
Weekend lunchtimes. The first visitors usually arrive between 10.30 and 11am on Saturdays and Sundays, and most have left by 6pm.
The gate: 16.596398, -92.963327 · Plus Code 7689H2WP+HM. Paste either into a maps app.
Our river escape from San Cristóbal
We go for the water, and for the family who run the place. The children play with the dogs and spend the evening, and most of the next day, in the warm river water under the shade of the coconut trees.
The campsite by the thermal river outside Tuxtla Gutiérrez — the same spot we’ve returned to for five years. The dogs come with the site.
When we take that trip in the first week of July, just as the schools break up, the uninhibited feeling of being away from school — no rules, long days full of adventure — comes through in their laughter and in the way they move.
Why this one, out of several
There are several other balnearios around Las Islas Marías, and I’ve visited most of them. I always choose this one:
The river is natural. Some of the other sites have reshaped the landscape into concrete pools.
The camping space is perfect: immediately alongside the river, on a small, relatively flat patch of green grass.
There’s a ton of flexibility about coming and going late in the evening or early in the morning.
A day by the river
A day here is about relaxing in the water, climbing out to eat the food you’ve brought, and getting back in. There really is little else: the river, and a couple of picnic tables to cook on or to serve the food you’ve prepared.
Around lunchtime, especially at weekends, families arrive — many of them from Tuxtla — with a few beers and bags of Sabritas, and their children head straight for the water. Beers by a river or at a picnic spot are part of Chiapaneco culture. Start talking to people and you’ll find them super friendly.
One thing I love about this place: in five years we’ve never had anyone playing music from their car or bringing a loud speaker. Picnics in Chiapas usually come with a soundtrack, and it won’t always be to your taste. Here, it’s the river.
Jumping in from the ladder below the cascades, 2023.
What to bring for a day
Most of what we pack for a night works for a day too. The short version:
If you’d rather pick food up on the way, you pass through América Libre, a tiny town with a couple of hundred metres of stores along the roadside. They sell cooked chickens, corn and freshly prepared pork scratchings — chicharrón. Immediately after it, and just a few minutes before you arrive at the balnearios, there’s a Pemex with a Circle K: everything you’d find in an OXXO, and a coffee machine.
Camping is how we know the place best. Once the day visitors leave, around six, we have the river to ourselves through the evening and most of the next morning, until the first people arrive between 10.30 and 11 at weekends.
The family ask campers to take the tent down before 10am, so there’s space for visitors. They really aren’t strict about times: relax, and everything can be resolved with a conversation. The gate closes around 8pm. I’ve gone out and come back later, and that’s fine as long as you let them know.
We don’t light a fire — everything is usually damp, and the evenings are warm or still hot — though I sometimes bring a charcoal barbecue. In the morning, the coffee machine at the Circle K is a couple of minutes’ drive away.
Who it suits, and what it isn’t
It suits families with young children, and anyone happy with a simple day by warm water. The pools are shallow enough for toddlers. There’s very little current in the water, as each cascade falls into a wider or deeper section of river, and the depth of the water falls somewhere around your abdomen in the deep sections. It isn’t the place for restaurants, showers or anything organised, and the biting flies are worst at sunrise and sunset. After heavy rain the river rises, so check the rating below before you pitch.
Our rating
Our family’s rating — overnight stays since 2021, most recently July 2026, with our children aged 10 and 12.
How the Alternative Lives Factor works
The Alternative Lives Factor is our family’s overall judgement, not an objective score: how much of what we value about living outside the usual routes a place gave us — discovery, the children free and absorbed, connection with the people who live there, and time to slow down. 5 means this is why we do it; 1, not for us. It isn’t an average of Family fun and Comfort, which are simply what we found on the day.
Balneario Isla de María, near Tuxtla Gutiérrez
The Alternative Lives FactorOutside the usual routes
4/5Our kind of experience
Our visits · overnight stays, summers and Christmases since 2021 · latest July 2026 · children aged 10 and 12
The children in the warm river from the evening we arrive until we leave, and five years of friendship with the family who run it — something a first visit won’t give you.
With children: shallow pools that suit toddlers, and even the deepest part of the river is below adult chest height; we’ve never found a strong current. After heavy rain the river rises and can overflow, then drops back quickly — one rainy season we pitched a little up the hill, and we’d do that again.
Family fun5/5Swimming and bathing for the whole family: the children spend the evening and most of the next day in the water, and the rest with the dogs.
Comfort2/5Biting flies, worst at sunrise and sunset and fewer around Christmas; rudimentary tables to cook on; toilets you flush with a bucket of water, and no showers — we bathe in the river.
Access and restrictions: a public balneario, an hour and twenty minutes’ drive from San Cristóbal. Drive slowly on the approach: the sign sits down the bank beside the road, and you only see it as you’re about to pass the entrance. We don’t light a fire — everything is usually damp, and the evenings are warm or still hot — though I sometimes bring a charcoal barbecue (July 2026).
What we paid: MX$40 ✓ per person for the afternoon and one night; stay past 9am and you pay again (July 2026).
Been recently and found the prices, the hours or the river changed? Email me with what you found and the date you went.
This is one family’s experience of one place: overnight stays and the days around them since 2021, most recently July 2026. Prices marked ✓ are what I actually paid, in the year stated — they will move. The times and arrangements are what we’ve seen and what the family have told us; ask them on the day. Judge the river for yourself: shallow and gentle on the days we went says nothing about the river after heavy rain, and this isn’t safety advice. The World Health Organization’s drowning fact sheet notes that the risk rises when children are in water without active adult supervision.
— Luke Burchell
About the author
Written by Luke Burchell. I live in San Cristóbal de las Casas, Chiapas, where I built my own house and am raising two children. The visits on this page are ours, summers and Christmases since 2021. Read my full story →
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House-building budget checklist for Mexico: based on my Chiapas build
The item list behind my cost breakdown for the house I built in Chiapas, from the obvious lines to the easy-to-miss ones: the lime for the render, the street electricity connection, the gas regulator and, on a two-storey house, the slab between the floors.
Tick what your own build needs, then get local quotes for those lines. My prices for each section are on the cost page. One self-managed build, not a contractor’s quote or a national price list.
PlaceSan Cristóbal, Chiapas
BuildSelf-managed
Checklist52 items · 9 sections
✓ Paid itemsMostly 2024–26
✓ Paid on my build~ My estimate — check locallyQUOTE A quote I was given, not paid
How to use it
1 · Select
Tick the lines your build needs
2 · Price
Get local quotes and check what each one includes
3 · Add a margin
Add a contingency; my worked example uses 10–20%
My prices for each section are on the cost page. Your selections save in this browser, and the list prints.
The same items, with my paid prices and estimates where I have them, a column for yours, and a status for each line as it firms up: ~ estimate, then quote, then ✓ paid. The summary adds a contingency, shows the total in dollars, and tells you how much of your budget is still guesswork.
I’ll email you a link to download it (an .xlsx spreadsheet). New subscribers confirm their email address first. Signing up also adds you to my occasional newsletter about building and living in Chiapas. You can unsubscribe at any time.
Questions
Questions about budgeting a house build in Mexico
What should a budget for building a house in Mexico include?
Land paperwork and permits, the footings, the shell, the finishes (the liveable core first, floors and interior doors later), the electrics, the water system and the fixtures that are easy to leave out, plus anything your site needs, such as a well, a perimeter wall or work on a slope. The land itself is a separate line. The list above follows what I had to plan for on my own build in Chiapas.
Which costs are easiest to leave out of a house-building budget?
From my build: the render materials on top of the render labour, the street electricity connection, the kitchen counter and sink, the gas tank and regulator, stairs for a second storey, sealing a concrete roof and, on a two-storey house, the slab between the floors.
How much contingency should I add?
My worked example on the cost page adds 10–20% on top of the line-by-line total, for overruns, price changes and the surprises that come up on most builds.
Does this checklist include the land?
Yes, in section 9, as a line for your own budget. My cost page keeps it out of the house-building totals, because land prices swing too widely to fold in honestly. The land paperwork and permits are in section 1.
Written by Luke Burchell
I self-managed the construction of my own house in San Cristóbal de las Casas, Chiapas, and kept the receipts. This checklist is the item list behind my cost breakdown.
Cenotes in Chiapas with children: Chukumaltik and Las Peñitas, near Montebello
Comitán and the Lagos de Montebello, Chiapas · May and August 2026
I had lived in Chiapas for years before I found out it has cenotes.
La Peineta, one of the three cenotes at Las Peñitas — a few steps from the track. We were told swimming here isn’t allowed.
Two outings with my children, aged 10 and 12: a day at Chukumaltik near Comitán in May 2026, and a night at Las Peñitas near Montebello in August. Here are the differences that would shape our next visit.
Four cenotes at a glance · our visits, May and August 2026
I had always thought cenotes belonged to Yucatán, Quintana Roo and Campeche — the east side of the bottom of Mexico — and that everywhere else you visit towns, lakes, rivers, mountains and jungle, but not spectacular sinkholes. It turns out there are several within about an hour of Comitán, and the ones we went to cost next to nothing: MX$40 a person at one, MX$120 a car at the other (2026). There were no crowds of tourists at any of them.
What a cenote is
Cenotes… what are they? I used to think of underground water networks linked to deep wells of turquoise water — the photos I saw as a teenager in National Geographic. The word comes from Yucatec Maya: ts’ono’ot, a word for any place you can reach groundwater. The ones we saw in Chiapas are open cenotes: caves whose roofs collapsed over thousands of years, leaving craters ringed by sheer cliffs and, often, lush forest. What strikes me now is that local communities, often on that land for hundreds of years, still look after them — the three at Las Peñitas are on community land, run by the community.
The first one I visited with the children was Chukumaltik, in May 2026. It’s only about twenty minutes from Comitán, but the roads through the rural lowlands are very quiet, and it feels isolated when you arrive at the sandy entrance by the roadside. At a dilapidated concrete building, as you drive into a sandy expanse of cactuses, a woman collects the entrance fee — MX$40 a person when we went. The desert-like landscape made me feel I was in another state.
According to México Desconocido, it’s almost 70 metres deep, with visibility of up to 40 metres — and its name means “the hidden beauty”. In the water, it isn’t so much the depth as the clarity that gets you: swimming out, you can see the sides drop away beneath you, and that can be quite scary. I swam across. The children, who are still gaining confidence snorkelling, tried it — but the water gets deep quickly, and they found that disconcerting, so they stayed close to the edge.
Clear enough to watch the bottom drop away beneath you.
Chukumaltik, May 2026 — shallow right at the edge, then deep, quickly.
Despite feeling far from anywhere touristy, they rent out life vests and even a canoe — we didn’t use either — and there are a couple of picnic tables where you can prepare food and eat while watching the spiny-tailed iguanas on the rocks. That is all the facilities there are, so come prepared. In May it was very hot in the middle of the day, the edge is rocky, there are mosquitoes, and there aren’t many places to sit.
As we left, we were told you can camp beside a small hut whose tin roof extends over a concrete patio, a two-minute walk from the cenote. There’s a rudimentary bathroom and no other facilities. We weren’t prepared to camp that day — and we would soon be camping near other cenotes, at Montebello.
Las Peñitas: three cenotes on community land
At the end of August 2026 we went to three cenotes near the Lagos de Montebello. They’re just outside the national park — officially the Parque Nacional Lagunas de Montebello — on ejido (community-owned) land, where the local community has set up the Centro Ecoturístico Las Peñitas. It was simple to drive to: about 5 km, ten minutes, from the signposted Lagos de Colores.
Before you go: the UK government advises against all but essential travel within 40 km of the Guatemalan border in this part of Chiapas, and its own map puts the Montebello lakes inside that area. Chukumaltik, nearer Comitán, is about 40 km from the border, close to the edge of that zone. Travelling against that advice could invalidate your travel insurance. We’ve lived in Chiapas for years and drive through this zone often to visit family across the border. In 2026 the tour agencies were running Montebello trips again, and on one drive through I saw many Mexican families out exploring the lakes. That’s what I’ve seen, not a safety rating — read the current UK advice for Chiapas, or your own government’s, before you go.
The three are within a four-minute drive of each other, and with children they could hardly be more different. When I looked in September 2026, El Camarón was even marked as a lake on Google Maps.
Cenote Bartolo: a scramble down, and very deep water
The first we visited was Bartolo, and it’s a serious drop from the ridge to the water, with no trail down. We followed steep, narrow, snaking trails that locals had made extracting timber until we were close to the water; from there my friends and I held on to trees and vegetation and slid down. I managed to help my children manoeuvre close to the water, but it was precarious, and I wouldn’t recommend taking young children down.
Cenote Bartolo · from the ridge, and the way down
From the top — we arrived as a group of slackliners was finishing a multi-day event above the cenote.The way down: timber-cutters’ trails, then holding on to whatever grows.
There was no flat ground at all at the water’s edge, which made getting changed and getting in difficult — in rain it would have been close to impossible. Only the adults went in, and it was dangerous. The dip was short and cold.
Hard to get in and out of, and immediately extremely deep.
There was the thrill of reaching something few people ever see — but for families, I’d recommend viewing the water from the ridge above.
The next cenote was a five-minute, 1.5 km drive along an unmarked track. It isn’t signposted; we found a rustic access area between two fields and parked there — a low car might not have the clearance and would have to be left on the main track. We followed a trail between the fields, and it turned out to be a well-defined path with handrails, leading down to El Camarón: an easy, short walk, descending through the trees to the water’s edge.
El Camarón · the path down, and the water
The path down to El Camarón — handrails, and trees all the way.El Camarón, August 2026 — marked as a lake on Google Maps when I looked.
We arrived at an infrequently visited cenote, a secluded paradise: cold water, easy to get into for swimming and snorkelling, and places to relax around the edge. The children swam close to the edge, supervised. The water isn’t as clear as Chukumaltik’s — I swam across and looked down through my mask — but it was still incredible. There were huge fallen trees in the water, 10 to 15 metres from the bank. I don’t know how deep it is, but swimming across, the centre felt as if it could be very deep.
La Peineta: look, but don’t swim
The last cenote is a one-minute drive further along the track from El Camarón. There’s a spectacular view of La Peineta a few seconds’ walk from the track — the photo at the top of this page — with rock-face cliffs on the far side. Locals told us swimming there is forbidden. We could also see an installation that local farmers use to pump water out for their crops. It detracted a little from the view, but it was still impressive.
To explore the three cenotes, we camped beside a small lake that locals fish in and that you can swim in. It’s a picturesque spot, especially at dusk, with the lake in front and a seemingly endless expanse of cornfields running to a hilly horizon. Facilities were a couple of bathrooms where you flush with a bucket of water, and some large, well-built picnic tables with a roof. The ridge above Cenote Bartolo is a ten-minute walk away; with children, look from the top — there’s no trail down, and the water is immediately extremely deep.
They charge by vehicle, per day, and camping isn’t charged separately: MX$120 for our car. The second day’s fee was collected at 7:30 the next morning, so our night cost MX$240 (August 2026). There are no shops close by, so bring what you need.
Our pitch by the lake at Las Peñitas. The trees and the ridge behind didn’t stop the wind.
Be ready for wind and rain. We could hear the wind roar in the night. We were camped in a hollow, below the treeline behind us and the looming ridge that forms Cenote Bartolo, and it was still strong — I was a little concerned my Amazon Basics tent might not hold up and we would end up in the lake. The wind brought rain, even though Comitán and San Cristóbal were in the middle of a very dry few weeks.
Tie down the guy lines.
I was also glad I’d brought the lona I use as a groundsheet: the ground was very damp. My friends camped without one and were laughing about having wet backs over breakfast. The kit we always camp with is on its own page: camping in Mexico with two children.
A local man told us there was a cave and a stone arch a short walk from the road, close to the cenotes — a few minutes’ drive on from La Peineta. The ten-minute walk in from the road was beautiful, through a forest of tall, quite epic pine trees. At one point the path splits: one way to the arch, the other to the cave directly behind it.
If you have never seen a place where people hold ceremonies in a cave, this is one. In my years in Chiapas I have learnt that people light coloured candles, sold in glass jars, to ask for almost anything — love, luck, a safe journey to the USA, even a curse on someone; the list is endless. What anyone asked for here, I can’t know; we saw only what they left. Fires had been burnt all around the front of the cave and inside it, and candles from recent ceremonies were still burning. It feels a bit spooky, with the candles, the glass and the burnt wood everywhere.
The cave itself is large but quickly becomes steep and slippery, and there isn’t a great deal to explore inside. The children explored around the river under the arch.
The cave and the stone arch · near Las Peñitas
Looking out from inside.From the path, among the pines.
Leaving Las Peñitas, we drove past two lakes beside the road and stopped to take in the views. We didn’t explore them, and there are many more we could have visited with more time.
What we’d repeat, and what we’d do differently
Repeat: Chukumaltik, for the water — if you snorkel, I’d recommend it 1000%. El Camarón, for the easy path down and a swim the children could share. And a night by the lake at Las Peñitas, with three cenotes minutes away.
Differently: at Bartolo, I’d keep the children on the ridge and look at the water from above. At Chukumaltik, take everything your family needs to be relaxed and comfortable in the heat — there are picnic tables and not much else — and if your children aren’t strong swimmers, it may be worth hiring the life vests or the canoe. And at Las Peñitas, tie the tent down and bring a groundsheet.
If you can only do one: I’d still go to both — they’re about an hour apart, and they’re different experiences. Chukumaltik is an incredible day trip, close to the amenities of Comitán. The Montebello area has so many options — lakes, cenotes, camping, cabins — that I’d give it at least two days and visit as many lakes as you can. Together they’d make one long weekend, with Chukumaltik on the way; we did them as two separate trips, so that part is a suggestion rather than something we’ve tested.
Our ratings
Our family’s ratings — one visit each, May and August 2026, with our children aged 10 and 12.
How the Alternative Lives Factor works
The Alternative Lives Factor is our personal verdict on how rewarding we found an experience and what made it worthwhile. 5 means this is why we do it; 1 means it was not for us. The appeal, trade-offs and practical details help you judge what suits you. Each verdict reflects the dated visit described here.
Las Peñitas is inside a UK travel-advice zone, and Chukumaltik close to its edge — see Before you go.
Chukumaltik
The Alternative Lives FactorOutside the usual routes
5/5This is why we do it
Our visit · May 2026 · day trip · children aged 10 and 12
Water so clear you can watch the bottom drop away.
Who might enjoy it: Snorkellers who want to look down into very deep, clear water, with a short walk from the car.
The trade-off: It gets deep quickly at the rocky edge; mosquitoes, considerable midday heat and few places to sit.
With children: ours tried snorkelling but found the sudden depth disconcerting and stayed near the edge. Life vests and a canoe were for hire; we didn’t use them.
Access and restrictions: sandy roadside entrance, a short walk to the water; a couple of picnic tables, and no other facilities (May 2026).
What we paid: MX$40 a person, entrance (May 2026).
El Camarón
The Alternative Lives FactorOutside the usual routes
5/5This is why we do it
Our visit · August 2026 · from our camp at Las Peñitas · children aged 10 and 12
A secluded paradise down an unmarked track, and the children in the water.
Who might enjoy it: Swimmers looking for a secluded forest cenote with a short, handrailed path down to the water.
The trade-off: The approach is unmarked, and facilities are minimal.
With children: the one I’d bring them back to — a short path with handrails, and they swam close to the edge, supervised, while I swam across with my mask.
Access and restrictions: unmarked track, 1.5 km on from Bartolo; park between two fields (a low car may need to stay on the main track), then a well-defined path with handrails (August 2026).
What we paid: covered by the Las Peñitas day fee.
Camping at Las Peñitas, with the walk to Bartolo’s ridge
The Alternative Lives FactorOutside the usual routes
4/5Our kind of experience
Our visit · August 2026 · one night · children aged 10 and 12
The lake at dusk, cornfields running to a hilly horizon — and a ten-minute walk to look down into Bartolo.
Who might enjoy it: Campers who want a simple base for exploring the cenotes.
The trade-off: Wind, rain and damp ground on our visit; bucket-flush bathrooms and no shops nearby.
With children: the ridge is the way to see Bartolo with them. We scrambled down once — precarious, and the water is immediately extremely deep; only the adults swam. Pitch for the wind, too: it came up in the night.
Access and restrictions: drive in and pitch your tent anywhere around the small lake. Bartolo’s ridge is a ten-minute walk; there’s no trail down to the water — only timber-cutters’ paths, then holding on to trees (August 2026).
What we paid: MX$120 per vehicle per day, camping included; the second day was collected at 7:30am — MX$240 for our car, one night (August 2026).
The cave and the stone arch
The Alternative Lives FactorOutside the usual routes
3/5Glad we went
Our visit · August 2026 · a short walk from the road · children aged 10 and 12
A local man’s tip took us through tall pines to a cave where people still hold ceremonies.
Who might enjoy it: Walkers interested in tall pines, the cave and the stone arch.
The trade-off: The cave becomes steep and slippery; boulders can be awkward for small children.
With children: good for the walk and the river under the arch; the cave gets steep and slippery quickly.
Access and restrictions: about ten minutes’ walk from the road through tall pines; the path splits for the arch and the cave behind it (August 2026).
What we paid: nothing.
Been recently and found the access, the fees or the swimming rules changed? Email me with what you found and the date you went.
This is one family’s two outings, in May and August 2026, written from memory soon afterwards — not a guide to the region’s cenotes. Prices are what we paid, with their dates; they will move. Access, and the rules on where you can swim, are what we found and were told at the time. Judge any water for yourself: that our children swam close to the edge at two cenotes says nothing about your children, or another day, and nothing here is safety advice. The World Health Organization’s drowning fact sheet notes that the risk rises when children are in water without active adult supervision.
— Luke Burchell
About the author
Written by Luke Burchell. I live in San Cristóbal de las Casas, Chiapas, where I built my own house and am raising two children. These were our family’s two cenote trips in 2026 — a day at Chukumaltik in May and a night at Las Peñitas in August. Read my full story →
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San Cristóbal de las Casas → Mazunte, Oaxaca · August 2026
Driving ten hours to sleep in a tent in lowland heat with two children does not sound like a rest. It turned out to be the most relaxed I have been in years.
Playa Riscalillo, from under the shade at the end of the beach — our first night on the coast, and what the ten hours were for.
The Alternative Lives FactorOur family’s verdict · August 2026
In August 2026 I drove with my two children and two friends to Mazunte, on the Oaxaca coast, looking for golden-sand beaches and bays calm enough to snorkel. Counting breaks, it was a ten-hour drive — and that was leaving early on a Sunday morning to stay ahead of the city traffic.
If you live in, or are visiting, a non-coastal town, most of Mexico is a long way from a beach — even from Oaxaca City to an Oaxacan beach you are probably driving more than three hours. In our case the nearest coastline is the Chiapas coast, a little over three hours away, and it is not the answer it looks like on the map: black sand, and heavy, turbulent open-Pacific water. With two children who are not strong swimmers, I don’t treat it as swimming water. The calm golden bays start further up, in Oaxaca — and that is what the ten hours buys.
The drive: San Cristóbal to Mazunte
I must admit I find long-distance drives in Mexico somewhat intimidating. I don’t drive long distances often, and some of the route runs through fairly isolated, remote country, even though long stretches of it are toll road. My main concern is a mechanical problem leaving us stranded somewhere unfamiliar at best, and possibly unsafe. Travelling with friends helps more than anything — safety in numbers is real, and so is knowing there are more minds in the car to figure out a solution if one is needed.
I also got mentally prepared by thinking about a friend who regularly drives auctioned cars down from the USA to Guatemala. My 600 km would be covered before he had cracked open the first Red Bull of one of his 3,000 km trips. And I drive a Toyota — twenty-five years old but gold. Not in colour; ostentatious is not me. Mechanically, it has not let me down yet.
Grabbing a roadside breakfast en route is not normally something worth writing down, but in Mexico it can be. Outside an Oxxo there was a typical roadside food stand — a small table, an umbrella against the sun, four or five plastic stools. Two hours down from the mountains San Cristóbal sits in, it was our first taste of lowland heat in a long while, and the first time I had ever come across tamales with prawns. They cost MX$15 each (August 2026) and were delicious. Even early on a Sunday morning, there had been no need to plan for food.
A taste of the sea, eight hours before the beach.
Mazunte — the town the ten-hour drive was aimed at, through the car window.
The first night: Playa Riscalillo
The first night we camped extemporaneously in a small bay called Playa Riscalillo. It was paradise: crystal-clear water, golden sand, and in the evening and early morning, nobody else there at all.
We paid the owner of the small piece of land at the end of the beach, and of the small café where I parked, MX$200 per adult to camp under the shade of the dense forest growth — the children weren’t charged (August 2026). He told us the tide would come to within fifty centimetres of the tents, which seemed like an overly precise calculation, but we went with it. The tide came in to where he said it would, and no further.
The bay is a coral reef, with manta rays, schools of fish and turtles. We loved every moment: the snorkelling, and then sitting on the sand in front of the tent at night with the gentle ebb and flow of the water and the Milky Way overhead. As the sun set, the beach filled with hermit crabs, every one carrying a different shell. It was the perfect evening.
Was it too hot in the tent? Being so close to the sea seemed to make the difference — by morning it was almost cool. It seemed to help with the mosquitoes too; there really were not many. One night’s evidence, so take it as that — but it was certainly a relief compared with an earlier trip, when we camped a couple of hundred metres back from the sea, near standing water, and had a much worse time of both.
Why we moved: an orchard campsite in Zipolite
The orchard site at Zipolite — fruit trees, shade, and fifteen metres to the nearest neighbour.
The next day we moved to the orchard camping-and-caravan site in the grounds of Rancho Los Mangos, a hotel in Zipolite. I had found it on Google Maps and contacted the owners beforehand — and, like every site I vetted, they told me there was space and no need to reserve. I chose it mainly because it has a swimming pool, because I knew there would be four or five hours in the middle of each day too hot for the children to be out in. It turned out to be one of the better decisions of the trip.
We were surrounded by fruit trees, with plenty of space, shade, and an electricity outlet close to the tent. Our nearest neighbour was a good fifteen metres away, and I really appreciated that — privacy, and a noise buffer at night. Along the beachfront at Zipolite itself, people were camping with their tents pitched back to back. That is not something I would enjoy.
The orchard charged MX$150 per adult and MX$100 per child under twelve (August 2026).
Which brings me to the other thing worth knowing about money on this coast: no two sites work the price out the same way. Riscalillo charged by the adult and didn’t count the children. The orchard counted all of us. Friends camping over in Mazunte paid by the tent, regardless of how many people were inside it. Same family, same coast, same week — anywhere between MX$200 and MX$400 a night, depending entirely on whose arithmetic we were on.
You can definitely save a couple of hundred pesos a day by choosing on price. For me the extra was usually worth it — a pool for the hours we couldn’t be on the beach, and space between us and the next tent.
Managing the heat with two children
I had been apprehensive about camping in the heat, especially for the children. What we settled into was a rhythm: the beach in the early morning and the evening, and the middle of the day — roughly eleven until three, which in August was too hot for us to be out on the sand — in the shade and the pool. The children spent the worst hours of the day in shaded water.
The nights sorted themselves out. The first night had already taught us that a tent close to the sea sleeps cooler, and at the orchard the shade did the same work.
Twenty-eight degrees at 7am was the new norm.
Food and drink on the coast
Beer and coconut water are far more ubiquitous on the coast than in other parts of Mexico. Away from the beach itself, which is more touristy, the comedores are full of local people eating quesadillas and working arduously to finish a beer before it goes warm. The builders working on our campsite had beer on a plastic table every day after work.
Anyone who lives by the side of a road with a coconut tree in the yard is selling coconuts — MX$50, or MX$60 if you want one that has been chilled in the fridge (August 2026). Make sure you have a machete or a small axe with you, and you can open the coconut up after drinking the water. Since we were camped surrounded by coconut palms, I spent at least twenty minutes a day refining my dexterity with the machete.
Twenty minutes a day of machete practice — the campsite’s coconuts, split open after we’d drunk the water.
Tortillas. In San Cristóbal we eat handmade corn tortillas with almost every meal, and camping is where they prove themselves: the perfect carbohydrate. They last a couple of days even in the heat, they need no cooking, and you can scoop food straight out of the pan into a large reheated tortilla.
Even NASA flies them: the Mexican astronaut Rodolfo Neri Vela asked for tortillas on a shuttle mission in 1985, his crewmates noticed they made no crumbs in weightlessness, and they have been standard fare in orbit ever since.
The one surprise in Oaxaca was that corn tortillas took more work to get hold of: we had to walk to a comedor and ask — most will sell you a stack — instead of the handmade tortillerías that sit on every few corners at home.
I also didn’t eat any seafood all week, which seems like madness on this coast. You can buy straight from the fishermen in Puerto Ángel, or eat fish in dozens of nearby restaurants. But honestly, I was content not putting effort into cooked food. The effort went into snorkelling, walking up to the lookout points for the sunsets, and having a very different routine from the one I have at home.
Five days without screens. The only work was cooking — and opening coconuts with a machete.
Five days in
I woke on the Friday morning after five nights of camping. Five days with barely a glance at my phone, no monitors, no TV, no work.
The previous evening I had been invited to drink a couple of ice-box-cold beers with a Mexican family travelling in a Mercedes Sprinter, who we had become friends with. The friendship began over food: the abuela had witnessed me cooking an unusually poor meal — my gas canister was running out, so the eggs and beans stayed mushy in the pan — while she cooked quesadillas ten metres away. She came over, sympathetically, with piping-hot ones on a plate, to make sure my children would have food that looked fit for a human. The next morning I shared a papaya with them.
At seven that morning I walked over to the carambola tree with my daughter and we quenched our thirst straight from the branch, with a perfectly ripe star fruit. I was no longer micro-managing the ants that walked into my sandals and occasionally made me feel I was in an acupuncture session; somewhere in the week I had developed a nonchalant reflex for swiping them off. Twenty-eight degrees at 7am, a star fruit in hand — living in God’s kitchen with a broken thermostat had become completely tolerable, even rewarding. I was completely relaxed.
The carambola tree · Zipolite
Breakfast hanging within reach — the carambola (star fruit) tree beside our tent at the orchard site.
One of the fruits I pulled from the tree had a small brown patch along one edge — normal, as a fruit passes from ripe towards overripe. This time I picked at the brown with a fingernail and found a small worm. The disgust hit, then subsided.
Instead of throwing the fruit down, I thought of the workmen on the campsite. All week I had watched them pick up fallen mangoes already substantially eaten by wasps, flies and the roaming chickens — roll the fruit over in one hand, find the undamaged side, peel the skin back with their teeth and eat the intact half cleanly before dropping the rest, like vampires homing in on the one good jugular. None of them had missed a day sick; it was always the same four men working.
My star fruit had never even touched the ground. I took off the area around the worm hole, forced the image out of my head, ate the fruit, and didn’t get sick. The new, more relaxed me.
By the last days, fruit was doing a lot of our daytime hydration — partly for the taste, and partly because the 20-litre garrafón we bought every three or four days was always warm, and I don’t love drinking warm water out of a plastic bottle. The children still drank plenty of water; but eating fruit, which I eat very little of at home, had become a feel-good routine of its own.
I had purposely not filled the days with trips and excursions. Space to relax was the point — and relaxing, it turns out, is something I needed to practise.
What I’d do again
Take an ice box. Buying ice at the beer deposits and the Oxxo kept our milk and cheese cold for more than 24 hours at a time.
Choose the site for shade, water and space. A shaded pool carried us through the four or five unusable midday hours, and fifteen metres to the nearest neighbour changes the night. The caravan-and-camping parks tended to offer far more space than the small beachfront sites.
Camp close to the sea if you can. One trip’s evidence, but our night by the water was cooler and had fewer mosquitoes than an earlier site further back near standing water. I’d pitch by the sea again.
Move between the quieter bays. Shifting camp is how we ended up snorkelling a reef with nobody else on the beach — the serene settings are there if you keep moving.
Don’t over-plan the booking. Every site I contacted in August 2026 had space and told me not to bother reserving. I stopped worrying about it. Your month may differ.
Bring home mezcal and cheese. The queso on the coast was far creamier than anything we get in San Cristóbal.
A small luggage lock for the tent zip. A tent is fabric, so it stops nobody determined — but I never felt at risk of being robbed, and the lock bought real peace of mind whenever we walked down to the water.
Our family’s ratings — one stay each, August 2026, with our children aged 10 and 12.
How the Alternative Lives Factor works
The Alternative Lives Factor is our personal verdict on how rewarding we found an experience and what made it worthwhile. 5 means this is why we do it; 1 means it was not for us. The appeal, trade-offs and practical details help you judge what suits you. Each verdict reflects the dated visit described here.
Playa Riscalillo
The Alternative Lives FactorOutside the usual routes
5/5This is why we do it
Our visit · August 2026 · one night · children aged 10 and 12
A reef with turtles at the end of a beach with nobody on it in the evening — then the Milky Way over the tent.
Who might enjoy it: Snorkellers who want a reef in the bay, and campers happy with a simple pitch in the shade at the end of the beach.
The trade-off: Simple camping on the café owner’s land; rain would have made things complicated.
With children: a calm, protected bay the week we were there — the kind of calm, clear water we drove ten hours to find. A short stay here, since we needed a little more of a town as a real base.
Access and restrictions: park at the small café at the end of the beach and pay its owner, who also owns the land you camp on; pitch in the shade of the trees. He said the tide would come to within fifty centimetres of the tents — it did, and no further (August 2026).
What we paid: MX$200 per adult; the children weren’t charged (August 2026).
The orchard campsite, Zipolite
The Alternative Lives FactorOutside the usual routes
5/5This is why we do it
Our visit · August 2026 · four nights · children aged 10 and 12
Slow days under fruit trees, star fruit and mangoes straight from the tree, and meeting great people — including the abuela who made hot quesadillas for us.
Who might enjoy it: Families who want shade, space between tents and a pool for the hottest hours.
The trade-off: Hot even at dawn — 28°C (82°F) at 7am — with warm drinking water and ants that bite toes and ankles.
With children: chosen for the pool — the children spent two or three of the hottest hours of each day in the shaded water. Fifteen metres to the nearest tent kept the nights quiet.
Access and restrictions: camping in the orchard grounds of Rancho Los Mangos, a hotel — see it on Google Maps. The owners said there was space and no need to reserve (August 2026).
What we paid: MX$150 per adult and MX$100 per child under twelve, per night (August 2026).
Camped at either recently and found the prices or the set-up changed? Email me with what you found and the date you went.
Was it worth the drive?
Ten hours each way is a real price, and I won’t pretend otherwise — the return leg is where I learnt what the 088 number is for, even if I never had to use it. But against that: five nights under trees, a reef with turtles at the end of a beach with nobody on it, new friends with an ice box of cold beer — and the most relaxed I have been in years. We will be going back.
This is one family’s five nights on the Oaxaca coast in August 2026, written from memory soon afterwards — not a guide to the region. Prices are what I actually paid at the time, stated with their date; they will move. And judge any swimming spot for yourself: what was calm for us in one protected bay in one week says nothing about the open coast, and nothing here is safety advice.
— Luke Burchell
About the author
Written by Luke Burchell. I live in San Cristóbal de las Casas, Chiapas, where I built my own house and am raising two children. This was our family’s August 2026 trip — the same kit we always camp with, driven ten hours further than usual. Read my full story →
Follow along
I email new articles as I publish them. Subscribe if you’d like to read the next one.
When I was 21, on a multi-day solo trek in British Columbia — carrying my tent, sleeping bag, cold-weather gear and food — I learnt that I needed more than peanut butter, a heavy loaf of bread and bananas to feel excited about the next meal. After three days of hiking, the first thing I did on returning to civilisation was buy my first liquid-fuel backpacking stove.
Breakfast on the butane stove at the river site outside Tuxtla Gutiérrez — eggs first, coffee next.
Now, with two children, school and work, I value the human centripetal force of homemade food more than ever. The WhisperLite has been replaced by a rather less compact butane stove.
This page is our family’s packing list: the ten things we always carry on a camping trip in Mexico, and a few things that come along without ever making a list.
Living and working in Guatemalan, South African and Mexican rural communities, I found food bringing people together not just in the home but in the street: chicken dust — spiced chicken grilled over charcoal — in the South African townships, tacos and consomé in Mexico, enchiladas and atol in Guatemala. Mexican natural parks and campsites are no exception — eating is never just a necessity to get through. That’s why four of the ten things on our list are connected to food or cooking.
Where we camp
Our camping is Chiapas camping. For five years we’ve been going back to the same site, Balneario Isla de María, by a thermal river outside Tuxtla Gutiérrez; we’ve camped in the pine forest at Rancho Nuevo, above San Cristóbal de las Casas, where we live; and sometimes we drive down to the coast — in August 2026 as far as Oaxaca, five nights that became their own note: camping on the Oaxaca coast. The list below is one family’s kit from those trips, refined mostly by forgetting things. Prices are marked ✓ — what I actually paid, with the year and place.
1 · A butane stove
They sell them on Amazon and in well-stocked ferreterías. Mine boils water faster than my electric kettle at home, and you can buy the butane cartridges (butano) in almost any ferretería, because the same cans fit blowtorch heads. It’s not a backpack item, but it earns its place in the car. I use it mostly for breakfast — eggs and beans — and for tea and coffee. A cartridge gives me at least an hour of cooking, and since I cook quick meals, I generally get three camping trips from one can. I only use it outside — never in the tent.
2 · Long sleeves — and, for me, quercetin
I don’t use insect repellent, but I do cover up anywhere with mosquitoes, and I carry quercetin. I swell more than most people after insect bites and I suffer from allergies; I’ve found it reduces my own itching and swelling, so I start taking it a few days before we leave, and I take it with vitamin C.
That is my personal routine, not advice for anyone else — and my choice not to use repellent shouldn’t be read as advice to avoid it, particularly where mosquito-borne illnesses are present. The WHO’s dengue guidance recommends a suitable repellent as well as covering exposed skin.
3 · Salt, oil and coriander
Living in Mexico, I can think of few dishes that don’t take coriander (cilantro). Corn, meat, salad, a plain avocado — it livens all of them.
Four of the ten things we carry are connected to food or cooking. That isn’t an accident.
4 · A ground sheet
I’ve never bought a footprint — the plastic sheet cut to your tent’s exact dimensions. For MX$150 ✓ (San Cristóbal, 2026) a generic tarp protects the underside from sharp stones and general wear, and adds a second waterproof barrier. Mine is a Pretul, folded so it sits under the tent base without protruding — you don’t want rain running over the tarp and pooling under the tent. Just about every ferretería I’ve been into sells them, and with a little rope or cord you can also sling one between three or four trees for shade or a roof.
5 · A yoga mat
For stretching, sitting and sleeping on. Mine is thick enough that I use it under my sleeping bag instead of an inflatable mat — and it’s added incentive to do a little yoga or meditation while on holiday. That’s for the warmer places, though; a cold night in the pine forest at Rancho Nuevo needs more insulation from the ground than a yoga mat gives you.
6 · Sleeping-bag liners
With the children I use liners far more than actual sleeping bags, because we mostly camp in the warm zones — near beaches and lowland rivers. Sleeping bags are a pain to wash and dry properly; a liner goes straight into the washing machine between trips and takes up very little space.
The liners have their limits, and we learnt them the honest way: one winter at Rancho Nuevo we went up without proper sleeping bags, and the tent froze over. Waking to an icy white pine forest was beautiful. Making the morning fire with trembling hands was not — it was a painfully cold start to the day. For the high, cold sites, take real sleeping bags.
7 · Refried beans and totopos
Ultra-convenient, versatile, and easy to find in tiendas and OXXOs across Mexico — and despite the salt, far healthier than most of what you’ll find in a petrol-station shop. The beans come in a bag, so they’re easy to carry and leave only a small amount of litter, easy to stash until you’re home if there are no bins. Before we leave I add two purchases from the market: eggs and avocado. Together with the beans and totopos they make a one-pan dish that’s ready in ten minutes and feeds the family. The only caveat: your kids may not like avocado.
The ten-minute one-pan dish — refried beans, eggs, totopos and avocado — at the river site, July 2026.
And take mangoes. Our favourite fruit for camping — they peel easily, don’t get crushed, and don’t ripen too quickly, unlike bananas, which can go over in a single hot day. To the unripened, still-hard ones you can add lime, salt and chilli, if you want to feel a little more Mexican.
8 · Shoes for the water
Every time I take the children to a river and forget our slip-on water shoes, I am deeply repentant. With them on, you can happily walk across a stony riverbed all day without wincing once.
Below the cascades at the river site outside Tuxtla Gutiérrez — a stony bed under warm water. This is where the water shoes earn their keep.
9 · Ocote — resinous pine
In the rural communities where I’ve lived in Mexico and Guatemala, families cooking over wood commonly use ocote as a natural firelighter — the resin takes a match directly. Rather than felling a whole tree, I’ve watched people slowly hack smaller resinous sticks from living ones. It also self-seeds remarkably quickly in my garden. I buy it ready-cut into small sticks for MX$20 ✓ at the market in San Cristóbal (2026) — I see it in the local markets and sold on the street. It burns with thick black smoke, so light it in the open, never inside the tent or under a closed shelter.
One more use for it: at the coast, if we can salvage some old coconuts, we use ocote to get the husks smouldering, and the smoke seems to reduce the mosquitoes around us. Do it where fires are allowed, and keep the smouldering husks well away from the tent and the children. The last time we camped at the coast, the coconuts were donated by the owner of the campsite.
10 · Toilet paper and baby wipes
Many camping areas have very simple bathroom facilities and no guarantee of paper. I always carry a roll, along with baby wipes for grubby hands and for cleaning muddy feet before they come into the tent. The used wipes get bagged with the rest of our rubbish and come home with us — never flushed, never left at the site.
The other thing in my pickup
Like many people in rural Mexico, I usually have a machete in the back of my pickup. I use it sometimes to dehusk coconuts — much harder work than you might imagine — and for cutting small branches and preparing wood for a campfire. And although I have never felt unsafe camping in Mexico, I do find it reassuring to have it nearby at night when we’re somewhere remote.
The tent I downgraded
Until recently I had a mid-range tent, highly wind-resistant and waterproof. When the second pole broke after years of use, instead of repairing it I replaced it with a budget Amazon-brand tent, similar to the Coleman Sundome. It feels substantially less robust — but the mesh sides, with a really simple tarp fitted over the top, make it far more comfortable in hot weather. I’m probably not going back to a more expensive tent.
The budget dome under the palms at the river site — barbecue lit, children already in the water.
We are not camping to save money.
Why we keep going back
Camping in Mexico isn’t automatically the cheap option. At Rancho Nuevo we paid MX$300 ✓ for the tent — four of us, one night — back in 2021, when that was about the price of a very cheap room; the price will have moved since. At the river site outside Tuxtla it was MX$40 ✓ per person (July 2026). So it’s worth planning the trip; but the money was never really the point.
For five years now we’ve made the hour-and-twenty-minute drive to the same site by the thermal river outside Tuxtla — summer holidays, and again at Christmas. When we take that trip in the first week of July, just as the schools break up, the uninhibited feeling of being away from school — no rules, long days full of adventure — comes through in their laughter and in the way they move. That’s what we’re carrying all this kit for.
This is our family’s packing list, drawn from our own trips in Chiapas. Prices marked ✓ are what I actually paid, in the year and place stated — they will move. Judge any river for yourself: shallow and gentle on the days we went says nothing about the river after heavy rain, and this isn’t safety advice. The World Health Organization’s drowning fact sheet notes that the risk rises when children are in water without active adult supervision. And nothing here is medical advice: the quercetin is my personal routine, and the WHO dengue link above is the place to read about mosquito-borne illness, not this page.
— Luke Burchell
About the author
Written by Luke Burchell. I live in San Cristóbal de las Casas, Chiapas, where I built my own house and am raising two children — the camping trips on this page are ours, from the past five years in the highlands, the lowland rivers and the coast. Read my full story →
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Captación de agua de lluvia en México: captarla fue lo fácil
Todo el que planea captar agua de lluvia se preocupa por no juntar suficiente. En mi terreno pasa justo lo contrario: en un aguacero fuerte puedo captar más agua de la que uso en toda una semana, y luego no cae nada durante meses. Vivir sin conexión a la red de agua no es, en realidad, un problema de captación. Es un problema de almacenamiento y de tiempos.
LugarSan Cristóbal, Chiapas
FuenteAgua de lluvia, sin red
AlmacenamientoCisterna de 10,000 L
Aguas residuales3 etapas, autoconstruido
FamiliaCuatro personas
Cómo funciona
Mi terreno no tenía conexión de agua. Así que la casa funciona con lluvia: captada de los techos, filtrada de forma sencilla, almacenada en una cisterna enterrada, bombeada hasta un tinaco y devuelta por gravedad — con el agua sucia filtrada otra vez en un sistema que construí yo mismo, a mano. Esto es lo que implicó armarlo, en qué me equivoqué y qué haría diferente.
Qué cubre
Esto está basado en una obra autogestionada en San Cristóbal de las Casas, Chiapas — no es un diseño de saneamiento, una norma de seguridad para agua potable ni una guía legal sobre derechos de agua. Es la mitad “fuera de la red” de la historia del agua: la pareja de mi guía sobre el sistema de agua para una casa en México, que cubre cómo llevar el agua hacia y a través de la casa — la cisterna, la bomba, el tinaco, la alimentación por gravedad y la elección entre tubería CPVC o TuboPlus. Esta página trata de dónde viene el agua y a dónde va después.
Filtro de aguas residuales de 3 etapas → pozo de absorción
Alrededor de 1,000–2,000 litros por semana para los cuatro.
El problema real
El verdadero problema del agua de lluvia no es captarla
Si estás planeando captar agua de lluvia en México, lo primero que hay que aprender es que captar la lluvia es la parte fácil. Antes de construir nada, pensaba que el agua de lluvia era, sobre todo, un tema de captación: apuntas el techo a un tambo y ya. Resultó que el verdadero reto eran otras tres cosas, y solo una de ellas es fácil.
Los tres retos del agua de lluvia
El reto
Por qué es más difícil de lo que parece
Qué hice
Sacar el agua del techo
Los techos casi nunca tienen una sola pendiente pareja, así que el agua no llega toda a donde la quieres.
El reto fácil — canaletas y tubería lo resuelven. Planéalo desde el diseño del techo, no como algo que se agrega después.
Filtrar lo bastante rápido
La lluvia torrencial llega toda de golpe; un filtro fino se tapa o se desborda y pierdes justo el aguacero que querías captar.
Filtro a propósito de forma gruesa en la captación — mantén el flujo alto, y limpia el agua más adelante en la cadena (ver abajo).
Guardarla durante los meses secos
Este es el verdadero límite. La lluvia llega en unos meses intensos, y luego hay poca el resto del año.
Dimensiona la cisterna para la sequía, no para el aguacero. El almacenamiento es todo.
La tercera fila es todo el juego. Mi techo de lámina — el que abastece la casa — mide cerca de 50 m² (5 × 10 m), y en los días más fuertes puedo captar hasta 5,000 litros en un solo día. Pero eso requiere una verdadera tormenta tropical: un milímetro de lluvia en un metro cuadrado es un litro, así que 5,000 litros de 50 m² significan unos 100 mm de lluvia en un día — algo que solo pasa un puñado de veces al año. Después de que terminan las lluvias, hacia mediados de noviembre, vives de lo que guardaste en octubre y noviembre, con apenas algunas lluvias ligeras y poco frecuentes hasta que llega la siguiente temporada de lluvias en mayo o junio. Ese largo tramo seco es justo la razón por la que la primera decisión de verdad es el almacenamiento — y no puedes dimensionar el almacenamiento hasta saber cuánta agua usas.
Uso de agua
Cuánta agua usamos de verdad los cuatro — empieza por la lavadora
No hay un solo número para cuánta agua usa una casa — hay un rango, y dónde caigas dentro de él depende de dos decisiones: cómo lavas la ropa, y qué tipo de excusado tienes. La mayoría empieza sus cuentas por la regadera y el excusado. La lavadora puede ser fácilmente el mayor consumo individual, y es la que de verdad exige moderación.
Lo sé porque llenamos la lavadora a mano — es una de tamaño normal tirando a chica — así que he medido lo que entra. Se lleva unos ridículos 70 litros en el ciclo de lavado, y otros 70 en el enjuague y centrifugado. El segundo ciclo no lo corremos: la ropa sale húmeda y se va directo al tendedero. Corre una lavadora común por los dos ciclos cinco veces a la semana y son 700 litros. Sáltate el enjuague y te ahorraste la mitad.
A dónde se va el agua — medido donde pude
Uso
Cada vez
Lo que suma para nosotros cuatro
Lavadora — ciclo de lavado
70 litros, medidos
Cinco cargas a la semana: 350 litros
Lavadora — enjuague y centrifugado
70 litros, medidos
Nos lo saltamos, así que nada. Córrelo y la ropa sube al doble: 700 litros
Regaderazo — rápido
unos 10 litros
Dos cada quien a la semana: unos 80 litros
Regaderazo — relajado
unos 20 litros
Uno diario cada quien serían 560 litros
Excusado — una descarga
unos 3.1 litros (botella de 600 ml dentro del tanque)
Cuatro descargas cada quien al día en casa: unos 350 litros a la semana
Todo lo demás — trastes, cocina, agua para beber, limpieza
sin medir
El resto de una semana frugal, que es más de la mitad. Lavar trastes puede usar tanta agua como una regadera, según tus llaves y cómo lo hagas
Las cifras de la lavadora están medidas, no buscadas en internet — cuando el agua la cargas tú mismo, sabes exactamente cuánta se lleva. Los números semanales son pura multiplicación a partir de ellas, así que cambia el hábito y el número se mueve con él.
El excusado es el que la gente sobreestima. La mayoría vamos entre seis y ocho veces al día; con ocho, cuatro personas y 3.1 litros por descarga son 99 litros diarios, que suena a mucho. Pero la mayor parte del día estamos en la escuela y el trabajo. Cuatro descargas cada quien en casa se acerca más a la verdad, y eso deja los excusados en unos 350 litros a la semana — más o menos lo mismo que la ropa saltándose el enjuague, y la mitad si se corre el enjuague.
Uso de agua por semana — dónde caes en el rango
Escenario (familia de cuatro)
Aproximado por semana
Qué supone
Frugal
~1,000 litros
Dos regaderazos rápidos cada quien, excusados de descarga reducida (~3.1 L), sin lavar ropa
Con lavandería
~2,000 litros
La misma familia, lavando ropa seguido y bañándose más — la ropa puede ser fácilmente la mayor parte del salto
Baño composta
~1,000 litros
Todavía no lo construyo — es mi siguiente trabajo si empezamos a quedarnos cortos. Devuelve los ~350 litros a la semana que usan los excusados: suficiente para bañarse más seguido y aun así quedar cerca de la cifra frugal
Sea cual sea tu número, eso es contra lo que hay que dimensionar la siguiente decisión.
Almacenamiento
Empieza por el almacenamiento — es lo más difícil de rehacer
Casi todo en un sistema de agua fuera de la red se puede ajustar después. La cisterna no, al menos no fácilmente. Es concreto colado bajo tierra, y vives con el tamaño que elegiste.
La mía es una cisterna de concreto de unos 10,000 litros. Funciona — ha sostenido a una familia de cuatro durante las temporadas secas, pero sin mucho margen. En papel, 10,000 litros a 1,000–2,000 por semana son de cinco a diez semanas, y la temporada seca aquí dura cerca de seis meses. Lo que cierra la brecha es que rara vez es seca del todo — dos o tres días de lluvia ligera cada par de meses devuelven algo — y que los tanques más chicos del techo de concreto cargan con la lavada.
Aun así, en su punto más bajo la cisterna ha llegado a estar 90% vacía. Fue a finales de abril de nuestra primera temporada seca, 2024–25, unas semanas antes de que suelan empezar las lluvias. Los tanques del techo de concreto todavía no existían, y el agua para lavar la ropa la subíamos del río en cubetas.
Si la volviera a colar, iría a 12,000–15,000 litros, porque el almacenamiento es lo que cierra la brecha entre los meses que llueve y los que no. Una vez que está hecha, agrandarla significa romper concreto. En 2025 agregué un segundo tinaco de 1,100 litros en el techo, que se llena desde la cisterna: ayuda, pero es un complemento, no una cisterna más grande. La construcción en sí — lo que costó, cómo está revestida — está en la guía del sistema de agua, junto con la bomba y los tinacos; aquí el punto es más simple: erra hacia lo grande. El almacenamiento es el seguro más barato contra una temporada seca larga, y lo más difícil de agregar en cantidad después.
Video (en inglés) · el almacenamiento, tanque por tanque
Todo el almacenamiento del terreno, en un solo recorrido: la cisterna enterrada de 10,000 litros, el tinaco al que se bombea, los Rotoplas más chicos que reciben el agua más sucia del techo de concreto, y el tambo enterrado en el jardín que sale del dren francés. Cada uno aparece en las secciones de abajo.
Cómo la dimensionaría yo
Calcula desde la temporada seca, no desde la lluvia
Toma la cifra semanal de la sección de arriba y compárala con el tramo más largo que esperes sin lluvia útil. Eso, con algo de margen, es tu cisterna. La mía es de 10,000 litros para una familia que usa entre 1,000 y 2,000 a la semana, y la colaría más grande. Son las cuentas de una sola casa, no un diseño — pero es el orden correcto para hacerlas.
Techos
A dónde va el agua de cada techo
No toda el agua de lluvia es igual, y el techo de donde viene decide para qué sirve. El agua de mi techo de lámina es notablemente más limpia que la que escurre del techo de concreto — así que las mando a trabajos distintos en lugar de mezclarlas.
Agua por techo — cada fuente a su trabajo
Fuente
Qué tan limpia
Para qué la uso
Techo de lámina
El escurrimiento más limpio
Alimenta la cisterna → se bombea al tinaco → cocina y baños
Techo de concreto
Más sucia, más porosa
Se manda a un tinaco Rotoplas aparte para lavar ropa
Drenaje francés
Escurrimiento de piso — con basura
Tambo enterrado en el jardín, para plantas y animales
Esta es una razón más por la que la decisión del techo y la decisión del agua están ligadas — el material que pones arriba cambia el agua que puedes captar abajo. Entro más a fondo en esa disyuntiva en techo de lámina vs techo de concreto en México. También es la razón por la que, si tu terreno no tiene conexión, el techo y la captación deben planearse juntos desde el inicio, no improvisarse después — el mismo punto que hago sobre comprar un terreno en México sin servicios.
Filtrado
El error es filtrar el agua de lluvia demasiado fino, demasiado pronto
Esta es la parte que no es intuitiva: en el punto de captación filtro menos, no más. Un filtro fino es justo lo peor cuando 5,000 litros quieren pasar en una tarde — se tapa, se atasca, y la lluvia que querías captar se va por la orilla.
Así que mi primer filtro es deliberadamente tosco: un tambo de 50 litros con piedras grandes (10–15 cm) abajo y piedras más chicas (unos 5 cm) arriba. Sin medio fino, nada que ahogue el flujo. Saca las hojas y la arenilla y deja pasar el volumen. La limpieza de verdad pasa más adelante en la cadena, donde no tiene que mantenerle el ritmo a un aguacero:
Mi cadena de filtrado — tosco primero, fino después
Tambo de plástico en el piso — saca la basura, mantiene el flujo alto
El filtro en línea que trae el tinaco Rotoplas — un segundo paso mientras se bombea el agua hacia arriba
Filtros de regadera baratos (de Amazon México) en el punto de uso
Un filtro de cocina para el agua que se bebe
Capta rápido y sucio. Limpia despacio y seguido.
La calidad me sorprendió. El agua no deja sarro en las regaderas, los lavabos ni los excusados, y para mi gusto sabe más limpia que el agua de la red — prefiero tomarla a depender solo de garrafones rellenados. Pero seré claro: el sabor no es una prueba de seguridad. Yo la tomo — sobre todo como té, así que va hervida — y no he tenido problemas, pero esa es mi experiencia en mi casa, no un consejo. El agua que escurre del techo puede traer bacterias y lo que sea que haya en tu techo. Si vas a tomar agua de lluvia, fíltrala y analízala bien, y trata el permiso de pozo y la calidad del agua como algo que hay que confirmar con alguien calificado para tu propio terreno.
Excedente
Planear para cuando sobra agua
El otro lado de captar 5,000 litros en un día es que, en temporada de lluvias, te sobra mucha más agua de la que puedes guardar o usar — y el agua que no diriges a propósito termina donde no la quieres. El techo de lámina llena la cisterna principal; mi techo de concreto y el drenaje francés pueden entregar más o menos lo mismo otra vez, pero los tanques a los que alimentan son chicos — un Rotoplas de 1,100 y uno de 500 litros — así que en un día de tormenta fuerte casi toda esa segunda corriente simplemente se desborda. Un tubo de desvío manda el excedente hacia la calle una vez que los tanques están llenos. Así que parte de tener un sistema fuera de la red es dirigir el excedente a propósito — y aceptar que vas a perder el resto.
Mi solución es sencilla y barata. Uso tubería de PVC con llaves en las uniones para poder cambiar el flujo de varias formas — desviándolo, por ejemplo, hacia un tambo enterrado en el jardín, para guardar agua para las plantas y los animales. En una pendiente, los drenajes franceses hacen el mismo trabajo con el escurrimiento de piso: alimentan el mismo almacenamiento en lugar de dejar que el agua abra canales en tu terreno.
Aguas residuales
La parte difícil que subestimé: las aguas residuales del baño
Pensé que el agua que sale de los baños iba a ser la parte fácil. Había leído sobre sistemas de filtración, visto videos, y pensé que sería cosa de excavar, poner tanques, agregar material filtrante y ya.
No fue así. Se volvió uno de los trabajos manuales más grandes de toda la obra.
El agua de lluvia se lleva toda la atención porque viene del techo, pero la otra mitad de un sistema de agua fuera de la red es qué pasa después de que el agua sale de la casa. En mi caso, las aguas residuales del baño pasan por un sistema de sedimentación y filtración en tres etapas que construí con materiales normales de ferretería — en parte porque no conseguí muchos de los materiales que veía recomendados en internet. Lo cuento aquí como un ejemplo de advertencia, no como un diseño para copiar.
Tres etapas, con tanques comunes
Las primeras dos etapas son tanques de plástico enterrados, de los que se usan para almacenar agua. El primero solo capta y sedimenta los sólidos. El segundo lo convertí en un filtro de flujo ascendente: el agua entra por tubería hasta el fondo, así que la única salida es subiendo otra vez por una cama de piedras filtrantes, sostenida sobre el piso del tanque por una plataforma improvisada con cubetas volteadas. Lo único que cambiaría es la malla de esa plataforma — usé acero porque era lo que conseguí localmente, pero se va a oxidar; plástico o acero inoxidable durarían más.
La última etapa es un tambo de plástico del mercado, lleno de piedra más grande (de 2.5 a 5 cm), como último filtro antes de que el agua se absorba en la tierra — en un pozo que rellené con piedra y escombro que sobró de la construcción.
El tanque que flotó
La primera lección fue sobre los tanques en sí. Fui barato y usé tanques normales de almacenamiento de agua en vez de tanques reforzados pensados para enterrarse — y un tanque vacío en un hoyo mojado no se queda donde lo pusiste. Para darles peso mientras trabajaba los llené a la mitad con agua; medio lleno me pareció más que suficiente. Luego, el primer aguacero fuerte del año llenó la excavación durante la noche, y a la mañana siguiente encontré un tanque flotando, levantado limpio de su lugar. Arreglar eso significó sacar el agua del hoyo inundado a mano, cubetazo por cubetazo — el tramo más miserable y desgastante de toda la obra.
Desde la obra · el tanque que flotó
La mañana después del primer aguacero fuerte del año: solo había llenado a la mitad los tanques enterrados de aguas residuales para darles peso, y uno flotó fuera del hoyo inundado durante la noche. La solución fue sacar el agua a mano, cubetazo por cubetazo.
Lo que me enseñó es a tratar un tanque de plástico enterrado como un problema de flotación y presión, no solo como un contenedor. Llenarlo a la mitad no fue suficiente — una vez que el hoyo se inundó, el tanque todavía tenía empuje suficiente para salirse de su lugar, y uno vacío podría ser aplastado por tierra saturada. Así que si lo volviera a hacer, lo llenaría hasta arriba antes de rellenar el hoyo, y lo mantendría lleno hasta que la tierra quedara bien apisonada alrededor.
Volver a entrar: el problema del acceso
La segunda lección fue el acceso. Iba improvisando mientras construía, y no había pensado cómo le haría el mantenimiento hasta que los tanques ya estaban enterrados. Eso se volvió un problema real, porque la tubería de aguas residuales de la casa quedaba mucho más profunda que el nivel del jardín. Así que no solo necesitaba hoyos profundos para los tanques — necesitaba una forma de crear una cavidad de acceso arriba de ellos, debajo del nivel del jardín.
Al final, le pedí al albañil que hiciera una pequeña estructura de concreto, como un techito, sobre los tanques, con dos losas de concreto removibles para entrar. Como todo iba a quedar enterrado bajo el jardín, puse llantas grandes de camión sobre las losas de acceso — gratis, de una llantera — para no tener que excavar el jardín cada vez que necesitara entrar. Después metí macetas grandes dentro de las llantas, con piedras alrededor, que escondieron toda la estructura por completo.
El sistema instalado + el acceso oculto
Los dos tanques de sedimentación ya conectados y colocados, con tapas, antes de rellenar — el primero capta y sedimenta los sólidos, el segundo le da al líquido una etapa más.La tapa de acceso que agregué después: concreto armado colado sobre los tanques, con dos aberturas enmarcadas para losas removibles, para poder entrar sin excavar el jardín.
Funciona, pero fue una solución improvisada. Si lo volviera a hacer, diseñaría el acceso a las aguas residuales antes de excavar cualquier cosa, y evitaría mandar el drenaje tan profundo dentro del jardín desde un inicio. Esa sola decisión le sumó costo, mano de obra y dificultad a todo lo que vino después.
Dos advertencias honestas, porque esta es la parte donde equivocarse tiene consecuencias. Primero, si lo volviera a construir, probablemente le pediría a un albañil que hiciera las etapas en concreto en lugar de tanques de plástico reutilizados — más capacidad, sobre todo para sólidos, y un sistema más durable en general. Segundo, subestimé muchísimo la mano de obra. Tomó meses de excavar, mover tierra y encontrar las piedras correctas para la filtración, y luego tener a un albañil construyendo ese techo enterrado alrededor de los tanques y la tubería. Esto no fue trabajo de un fin de semana.
Advertencia importante
Las aguas residuales son un tema de salud y de regulación
Estoy describiendo lo que construí para mi propia casa, no un diseño de saneamiento. Las aguas residuales del baño, las aguas grises y las aguas negras pueden estar reguladas, y los errores pueden causar problemas de salud. Trata esto como el sistema improvisado de una sola persona, y confirma el diseño, las distancias, el mantenimiento y los requisitos legales con alguien calificado para tu propio terreno.
La versión honesta
Mi sistema es híbrido — agua fuera de la red, comodidades normales
Déjame ser honesto sobre lo que esto es y lo que no es. No vivo un sueño de impacto cero. Tengo excusados de descarga — rompí la regla de “fuera de la red” de usar baño composta — aunque instalé el tanque más chico que encontré y le metí una botella de 600 ml adentro, lo que baja cada descarga a unos 3.1 litros. Uso una bomba con electricidad de la red. Esto no es ideología; es una casa sin conexión de agua, hecha para funcionar con lo que cae en el techo.
Pasé años trabajando en desarrollo internacional en zonas rurales de Guatemala — en un momento como especialista en innovación, donde probé una bolsa de almacenamiento de agua de lluvia de África que se montaba bajo un techo como una pequeña carpa. Abastecer a mi propia familia necesitaba algo mucho más robusto que esa bolsa, y un sistema de agua fuera de la red fue en lo que terminé.
Lo que cambiaría
Qué haría diferente
Colaría una cisterna más grande — de 12,000 a 15,000 litros — porque el almacenamiento es lo que te sostiene durante la temporada seca, y es lo único que no puedes agrandar fácilmente una vez construido. Planearía la captación y el techo juntos, en vez de tratar la recolección como algo que se agrega una vez levantada la casa. Y aceptaría más pronto que la parte que suena fácil (captar la lluvia) es trivial comparada con las partes que nadie se imagina: guardarla, dirigir el excedente, y lidiar con lo que sale de la casa.
Vivir con poca agua
Cómo se siente de verdad vivir con poca agua
La gente se imagina que vivir sin red de agua significa privaciones. Sobre todo significa atención — y el ahorro muchas veces se esconde en las tareas cotidianas, no en las obvias. La temporada seca ayuda más de lo que esperarías, además: rara vez es seca por completo, y esos dos o tres días de lluvia ligera de vez en cuando rinden mucho.
Lo que ganas a cambio de toda esta atención es independencia y, honestamente, mejor agua — suave, sin sarro, y que no llega en pipa. Lo que pierdes es la posibilidad de olvidarte del tema. Vigilas la cisterna durante los meses secos como otros vigilan el medidor de gasolina. Después de unos años, ya es solo un ritmo, no una carga.
Cómo se vivió eso en nuestros primeros años, de lavar la ropa en el río a un abril con la cisterna 90% vacía, lo cuento en mi historia sobre vivir con agua de lluvia (en inglés).
La lluvia es la parte fácil. Todo lo que decide si tienes agua en abril pasa antes de que caiga la primera gota.
¿Estás planeando el agua para un terreno sin conexión a la red?
Si tienes dudas sobre captación de lluvia, almacenamiento, tamaño de cisterna, techos o aguas residuales, la calculadora te puede ayudar a planear el resto de tu obra con cifras reales de mi propia casa en Chiapas.
¿De verdad se puede vivir en una casa con agua de lluvia en México?
En mi terreno en Chiapas, sí — sin conexión a la red, el agua de lluvia de los techos es mi fuente principal, almacenada en una cisterna de 10,000 litros y bombeada a un tinaco. Que te funcione a ti depende de tu lluvia, el área de tu techo, el tamaño del almacenamiento y cuánto dura tu temporada seca. El factor limitante casi siempre es el almacenamiento, no cuánta lluvia puedas captar.
¿Cuánta agua gasta una casa a la semana en México?
Para mi familia de cuatro en Chiapas, unos 1,000 litros a la semana cuando somos frugales — dos regaderazos rápidos cada quien y excusados de descarga reducida, sin lavar ropa — hasta unos 2,000 cuando lavamos ropa seguido y nos bañamos más. La ropa puede ser fácilmente el renglón más grande: un ciclo completo de lavado y enjuague en mi lavadora son 140 litros, medidos, así que cinco cargas son 700 litros ellas solas, o la mitad si te saltas el enjuague. Empieza tus propias cuentas por cómo vas a lavar la ropa, no por la regadera.
¿Qué tan grande debe ser una cisterna para vivir de agua de lluvia?
La mía tiene unos 10,000 litros y ha sostenido a una familia de cuatro (usando entre 1,000 y 2,000 litros a la semana, según la lavandería) durante las temporadas secas. Si la volviera a colar, iría a 12,000–15,000 litros para tener más margen. Dimensiónala contra tu tramo seco más largo, no contra un día de lluvia fuerte — y recuerda que es la única parte que no puedes agrandar fácilmente después.
¿Cómo se filtra el agua de lluvia para una casa?
Filtro tosco primero, fino después: un tambo lleno de piedra en la captación para mantener el flujo alto durante un aguacero, luego el filtro en línea del tinaco Rotoplas, y después filtros de regadera baratos y un filtro de cocina para el agua que se bebe. Un filtro fino en la captación simplemente se tapa con un aguacero. Para agua de beber en específico, fíltrala y analízala bien — que sepa limpia no es lo mismo que esté comprobada como segura.
¿El agua de lluvia de un techo de lámina es más limpia que la de uno de concreto?
En mi experiencia, claramente sí. El agua que escurre de mi techo de lámina es más limpia que la del techo de concreto, así que alimento la cisterna (y la casa) con el techo de lámina, y mando el agua del techo de concreto a un tanque aparte para lavar ropa. El material del techo y el agua que puedes captar son decisiones que van juntas.
¿Necesito permiso para un sistema de agua fuera de la red?
Captar agua de lluvia es una cosa; perforar un pozo profundo es otra — como residente extranjero entendí que necesitaba confirmar el permiso antes de perforar, y el agua está regulada. El manejo de aguas residuales también está sujeto a reglas. Yo trataría todo esto como algo que hay que confirmar con un abogado o la autoridad correspondiente para tu propio terreno, en lugar de suponer — estoy describiendo mi instalación, no la ley.
Escrito por Luke Burchell
Gestioné yo mismo la construcción de mi casa en San Cristóbal de las Casas, Chiapas, que funciona fuera de la red con agua de lluvia — captación, una cisterna de 10,000 litros, alimentación por gravedad, y un sistema de aguas residuales que construí a mano. Antes de eso pasé años en trabajo de desarrollo rural en Guatemala. Todo lo de aquí viene de esa experiencia: lo que construí, lo que cambiaría, y lo que planearía antes.
Off-grid water in Mexico: catching rain was the easy part
Everyone planning rainwater worries about catching enough. On my plot the opposite is true — in a hard downpour I can catch more than I can use in a week, and then nothing falls for months. Off-grid water isn’t really a collection problem. It’s a storage and timing problem.
PlaceSan Cristóbal, Chiapas
SourceRainwater, no mains
Storage10,000 L cistern
Wastewater3-stage, self-built
HouseholdFour people
How it works
My land came with no water connection. So the house runs on rain: caught off the roofs, filtered simply, stored in a buried cistern, pumped up to a roof tank, and fed back down by gravity — with the dirty water filtered again through a system I built by hand. This is what it took to set up, what I got wrong, and what I’d change.
What this covers
This is based on one self-managed build in San Cristóbal de las Casas, Chiapas — not a sanitation design, a drinking-water safety standard or a legal guide to water rights. It’s the off-grid half of the water story: the companion to my water system for a house in Mexico, which covers getting water into and through the house — cistern build, pump, roof tank, gravity feed and the CPVC-vs-TuboPlus pipe choice. This page is about where the water comes from and where it goes afterwards.
Around 1,000–2,000 litres a week for the four of us.
The real constraint
The real problem with rainwater isn’t catching it
If you’re planning rainwater harvesting in Mexico, the first thing to learn is that catching the rain is the easy part. Before I built anything, I thought rainwater was mostly about collection — point the roof at a barrel and you’re done. Three things turned out to be the real challenge, and only one of them is easy.
The three challenges of rainwater
The challenge
Why it’s harder than it looks
What I did
Getting the water off the roof
Roofs usually aren’t pitched evenly across a flat plane, so runoff doesn’t all arrive where you want it.
The easy one — gutters and routing solve it. Plan it into the roof rather than bolting it on later.
Filtering fast enough
Torrential rain arrives all at once; a fine filter clogs or overflows and you lose the very downpour you wanted to catch.
Deliberately under-filter at the catchment — keep flow high, clean the water later in the chain (below).
Storing it through the dry months
This is the real constraint. Rain comes in a few intense months, then little for the rest of the year.
Size the cistern for the drought, not the downpour. Storage is everything.
The third row is the whole game. My tin roof — the one that supplies the house — is about 50 m² (5 × 10 m), and on the heaviest days I can catch up to 5,000 litres from it in a single day. That takes a real tropical storm, though: a millimetre of rain on a square metre is a litre, so 5,000 litres off 50 m² means around 100 mm of rain in a day — which only happens a handful of times a year. After the rains end around mid-November, you’re living on what you stored through October and November, with only a handful of light, infrequent showers until the next wet season arrives in May or June. That long dry stretch is exactly why the first real decision is storage — and you can’t size storage until you know what you use.
Water use
How much water four of us actually use — start with the washing machine
There isn’t a single number for how much water a house uses — there’s a range, and where you land in it comes down to two choices: how you wash your clothes, and what kind of toilet you have. Most people start their sums with the shower and the toilet. The washing machine can easily be the biggest single use, and it’s the one that needs real moderation.
I know this because we fill our machine by hand — it’s an average-to-small one — so I’ve measured what goes in. It takes a ridiculous 70 litres for the wash cycle, and another 70 for the rinse and spin. We don’t run the second cycle: the clothes come out damp and go straight on the line. Run an ordinary machine through both cycles five times a week and that’s 700 litres. Skip the rinse and you’ve saved half of it.
Where the water goes — measured where I could
Use
Each time
What that adds up to for four of us
Washing machine — wash cycle
70 litres, measured
Five loads a week: 350 litres
Washing machine — rinse and spin
70 litres, measured
We skip it, so nothing. Run it and laundry doubles to 700 litres
Shower — quick
about 10 litres
Two each a week: about 80 litres
Shower — relaxing
about 20 litres
One each every day would be 560 litres
Toilet — one flush
about 3.1 litres (600 ml bottle in the tank)
Four flushes each a day at home: about 350 litres a week
The rest of a frugal week, which is over half of it. Dishes alone can use as much as a shower, depending on your taps and how you do it
The machine figures are measured, not looked up — when you carry the water in yourself you know exactly what it takes. The weekly numbers are just multiplication from those, so change the habit and the number moves with it.
The toilet is the one people overestimate. Most of us go six to eight times a day; at eight, four people and 3.1 litres a flush is 99 litres a day, which sounds like a lot. But we’re at school and work for most of it. Four flushes each at home is nearer the truth, and that puts the toilets at around 350 litres a week — about the same as the laundry with the rinse skipped, and half of it with the rinse run.
Water use per week — where you land in the range
Scenario (household of four)
Roughly per week
What it assumes
Frugal
~1,000 litres
Two quick showers each, reduced-flush toilets (~3.1 L), no clothes washing
With laundry
~2,000 litres
The same household, washing clothes regularly and showering more often — laundry can easily be the bigger part of the jump
Compost toilet
~1,000 litres
Not built yet — it’s my next job if we start running short. It gives back the ~350 litres a week the toilets use: enough to shower more often and still sit near the frugal figure
Whatever your own number turns out to be, that’s what the next decision has to be sized against.
Storage
Start with storage — it’s the hardest thing to redo
Almost everything in an off-grid water system can be adjusted later. The cistern can’t, at least not easily. It’s poured concrete in the ground, and you live with the size you chose.
Mine is a concrete-lined cisterna holding about 10,000 litres. It works — it has carried a family of four through the dry seasons, but not with much to spare. On paper, 10,000 litres at 1,000–2,000 a week is five to ten weeks, and the dry season here runs nearer six months. What closes the gap is that it’s rarely bone-dry — two or three days of light rain every couple of months put something back — and that the smaller tanks off the concrete roof carry the washing.
Even so, at its lowest the cistern has been about 90% empty. That was at the end of April in our first dry season, 2024–25, a few weeks before the rains usually start. The concrete-roof tanks didn’t exist yet, and our laundry water was still carried up from the river.
If I were pouring it again I’d go to 12,000–15,000 litres, because the storage is what bridges the gap between the months it pours and the months it doesn’t. Once it’s set, enlarging it means breaking concrete. In 2025 I added a second 1,100-litre tank on the roof, filled from the cistern: it helps, but it’s a top-up, not a bigger cistern. The build itself — what it cost, how it’s lined — sits in the water system guide alongside the pump and roof tanks; here the point is simpler: err bigger. Storage is the cheapest insurance against a long dry season, and the hardest thing to add in any quantity afterwards.
Video · the storage, tank by tank
Every bit of storage on the plot, filmed in one walk round: the buried 10,000-litre cistern, the roof tank it gets pumped up to, the smaller Rotoplas tanks that take the dirtier concrete-roof water, and the barrel buried in the garden off the French drain. Each one comes up in the sections below.
How I’d size it
Work backwards from the dry season, not from the rainfall
Take the weekly figure from the section above and hold it against the longest stretch you expect without useful rain. That, with some margin, is your cistern. Mine is 10,000 litres for a household using 1,000–2,000 a week, and I’d pour bigger. One house’s sums, not a design — but it’s the right order to do them in.
Roof routing
Which roof’s water goes where
Not all rainwater is equal, and the roof it comes off decides what it’s good for. Water from my lámina (tin) roof is noticeably cleaner than runoff from the concrete roof — so I route them to different jobs rather than mixing them.
Water by roof — each source to its job
Source
How clean
What I use it for
Tin (lámina) roof
Cleanest runoff
Feeds the cistern → pumped to the roof tank → kitchen and bathrooms
Concrete roof
Dirtier, more porous
Routed to a separate Rotoplas tank for washing clothes
French drain
Ground runoff — debris
Buried barrel in the garden for plants and animals
This is one more reason the roof decision and the water decision are tied together — the material you put overhead changes the water you can collect under it. I get into the wider trade-off in tin roof vs concrete roof in Mexico. It’s also why, if your land has no connection, the roof and the catchment should be planned together from the start, not stitched together afterwards — the same point I make about buying land in Mexico with no water on it.
Filtering
The mistake is filtering rainwater too finely, too soon
This is the counterintuitive part: at the point of catchment I filter less, not more. A fine filter is exactly the wrong thing when 5,000 litres wants through in an afternoon — it clogs, backs up, and the rain you were trying to catch runs off the edge.
So my first-stage filter is deliberately crude: a 50-litre drum with large stones (4–6 inches) at the bottom and smaller ones (around 2 inches) above. No fine media, nothing that chokes the flow. It takes out the leaves and grit and lets the volume through. The cleaning then happens further along the chain, where it doesn’t have to keep up with a downpour:
My filtering chain — crude first, finer later
Plastic drum on the ground — takes out debris, keeps the flow rate high
The inline filter that comes with the Rotoplas roof tank — a second pass as water is pumped up
Cheap shower filters (from Amazon Mexico) at the point of use
A kitchen filter for drinking water
Catch fast and dirty. Clean slowly and often.
The quality surprised me. The water leaves no hard-water scale in the showers, sinks or toilets, and to my taste it’s cleaner than the town supply — I’d rather drink it than rely entirely on refilled garrafones. But I’ll be straight: taste isn’t a safety test. I drink mine — mostly as tea, so it’s boiled — and I’ve had no problems, but that’s my experience in my house, not advice. Roof runoff can carry bacteria and whatever’s on your roof. If you’re drinking rainwater, filter and test it properly, and treat the well-permit and water-quality side as something to confirm with someone qualified for your own site.
Overflow
Planning for too much water
The flip side of catching 5,000 litres in a day is that, in the wet season, you have far more than you can store or use — and water you don’t direct deliberately ends up where you don’t want it. The tin roof fills the main cistern; my concrete roof and the French drain can deliver roughly as much again, but the tanks they feed are small — a 1,100- and a 500-litre Rotoplas — so on a big storm day most of that second stream just overflows. A diversion pipe sends the excess out to the street once the tanks are full. So part of an off-grid setup is routing the overflow on purpose — and accepting you’ll lose the rest.
My approach is low-tech and cheap. I run PVC tubing with taps at the junctions so I can switch the flow different ways — diverting it into a buried garden barrel, for instance, to keep water for the plants and animals. On a slope, French drains do the same job for ground runoff: they feed the same storage rather than letting the water cut channels across your land.
Wastewater
The hard part I underestimated: bathroom wastewater
I assumed the water leaving the bathrooms would be the easy part. I’d read about filtration systems, watched videos, and thought it would be a case of digging, placing tanks, adding filter material and moving on.
It wasn’t. It became one of the biggest manual jobs I took on during the whole build.
Rainwater gets most of the attention because it comes off the roof, but the other half of an off-grid water system is what happens after water leaves the house. In my case the bathroom wastewater goes through a three-stage settling and filtration system I built from ordinary hardware-store materials — partly because I couldn’t get many of the materials I saw recommended online. I’m setting it out here as a cautionary example, not a design to copy.
Three stages, built from ordinary tanks
The first two stages are buried plastic water-storage tanks. The first simply catches and settles the solids. The second I turned into an upflow filter: water is piped in at the very bottom, so the only way out is back up through a bed of filtration stones, held off the tank floor on a raised platform I improvised from upturned buckets. The one thing I’d change is the mesh in that platform — I used steel because it was what I could find locally, but it will rust, and plastic or stainless would last.
The final stage is a plastic barrel from the market, packed with larger 1–2 inch stone, as a last filter before the water soaks away into the ground — into a pit I backfilled with stone and rubble left over from the construction.
The tank that floated
The first lesson was about the tanks themselves. I went cheap and used standard plastic water-storage tanks rather than reinforced tanks made for burial — and an empty tank in a wet hole does not stay where you put it. To weigh them down while I worked I part-filled them with water; half full felt like more than enough. Then the first heavy downpour of the year filled the excavation overnight, and the next morning I found one tank floating in it, lifted clean out of position. Clearing that up meant bailing the flooded hole by hand, bucket by bucket — the most miserable, grinding stretch of the whole build.
From the build · the tank that floated
The morning after the first big downpour of the year: I’d only half-filled the buried wastewater tanks to weigh them down, and one floated up out of the flooded hole overnight. The fix was bailing the water out by hand, bucket by bucket.
What it taught me is to treat a buried plastic tank as a buoyancy and pressure problem, not just a container. Half-filling mine wasn’t enough — once the hole flooded, the tank still had enough buoyancy to lift out of position, and an empty one could be crushed by saturated soil instead. So if I were doing it again I’d fill it right to the top before backfilling and keep it full until the earth was packed tight around it.
Getting back in: the access problem
The second lesson was access. I was improvising as I built, and I hadn’t thought through how I’d do maintenance until the tanks were already in the ground. That became a real problem, because the wastewater pipes from the house ran much deeper than the level of the garden. So I didn’t just need deep holes for the tanks — I needed a way to create an access cavity above them, below garden level.
In the end I had the builder make a small roof-like concrete structure over the tanks, with two removable concrete slabs for access. Because the whole thing was going to be buried under the garden, I placed large used truck tyres over the access slabs — free from a tyre shop — so I wouldn’t have to dig up the garden every time I needed to get in. Then I put big plant pots inside the tyres, with stones around them, which hid the whole structure completely.
The installed system + the hidden access
The two settling tanks plumbed in and seated, lids on, before backfilling — the first catches and settles solids, the second gives the liquid another stage.The access cap I added afterwards: reinforced concrete poured over the tanks with two framed openings for removable slabs, so I could reach them without digging up the garden.
It works, but it was a workaround. If I were doing it again, I’d design the wastewater access before digging anything, and I’d avoid sending the drainage so deep into the garden in the first place. That one decision added cost, labour and difficulty to everything that followed.
Two honest caveats, because this is the part where getting it wrong has consequences. First, if I were building it again I’d probably have a mason build the stages in concrete rather than repurposed plastic tanks — more capacity, especially for solids, and a more durable system overall. Second, I badly underestimated the labour. It took months of digging, moving earth and finding the right rocks for the filtration, and then having a builder create that buried roof around the tanks and pipes. This was not a weekend job.
Important caution
Wastewater is a health and regulatory matter
I’m describing what I built for my own house, not a sanitation design. Bathroom wastewater, greywater and blackwater can be regulated, and mistakes can create health problems. Treat this as one person’s improvised system and confirm the design, distances, maintenance and legal requirements with someone qualified for your own site.
The honest version
My setup is hybrid — off-grid water, ordinary comforts
Let me be honest about what this is and isn’t. I’m not living a zero-impact dream. I have flush toilets — I broke the off-grid rule about composting — though I fitted the smallest tank I could find and dropped a 600 ml bottle inside it, which brings each flush down to about 3.1 litres. I run a pump on grid electricity. This isn’t ideology; it’s a house with no water connection, made to work on what falls on the roof.
I spent years on international-development work in rural Guatemala — at one point as an innovation specialist, where I tested a rainwater-storage bag from Africa that sat under a roof like a small tent. Supplying my own family needed something far more robust than that bag, and an off-grid water system is what I settled on. That work is also where I learned to design around how people actually live — it’s the story behind the woodstove I designed for the Guatemalan highlands.
What I’d change
What I’d do differently
I’d pour a bigger cistern — 12,000 to 15,000 litres — because storage is what carries you through the dry season and it’s the one thing you can’t easily enlarge once it’s built. I’d plan the catchment and the roof together rather than treating collection as something to add once the house was up. And I’d accept sooner that the easy-sounding part (catching rain) is trivial next to the parts nobody pictures: storing it, routing the excess, and dealing with what leaves the house.
Low-water living
What low-water living actually feels like
People imagine off-grid water means hardship. Mostly it means attention — and the savings often hide in the ordinary jobs rather than the obvious ones. The dry season helps more than you’d expect, too: it’s rarely completely dry, and the odd couple of days of light rain go a long way.
What you gain in exchange for all this attention is independence and, honestly, better water — soft, scale-free, and not trucked in. What you give up is the ability to forget about it. You watch the cistern through the dry months the way other people watch a fuel gauge. After a few years it’s just a rhythm, not a chore.
What that felt like in our first years, from washing clothes in the river to an April with the cistern 90% empty, is in my story about living on rainwater.
The rain is the easy part. Everything that decides whether you have water in April happens before the first drop falls.
FAQ
Common questions
Can you really run a house on rainwater in Mexico?
On my plot in Chiapas, yes — with no mains connection, rainwater off the roofs is my main supply, stored in a 10,000-litre cistern and pumped to a roof tank. Whether it works for you comes down to your rainfall, roof area, storage size and how long your dry season runs. The limiting factor is almost always storage, not how much rain you can catch.
How much water does a house use per week in Mexico?
For my household of four in Chiapas, about 1,000 litres a week when we’re frugal — two quick showers each and reduced-flush toilets, no clothes washing — up to around 2,000 once we’re washing clothes regularly and showering more. Laundry can easily be the biggest item: a full wash-and-rinse on my machine is 140 litres, measured, so five loads is 700 litres on their own, or half that if you skip the rinse. Start your own sums with how you’ll wash clothes, not with the shower.
How big a cistern do you need to live on rainwater?
Mine holds about 10,000 litres and has carried a family of four (using roughly 1,000–2,000 litres a week, depending on laundry) through the dry seasons. If I were pouring it again I’d go to 12,000–15,000 litres for more margin. Size it against your longest dry stretch, not against a heavy day of rain — and remember it’s the one part you can’t easily enlarge afterwards.
How do you filter rainwater for a house?
I filter crude-first, fine-later: a stone-filled drum at the catchment to keep the flow rate high in heavy rain, then the inline filter on the Rotoplas roof tank, then cheap shower filters and a kitchen filter for drinking. A fine filter at the catchment just clogs in a downpour. For drinking water specifically, filter and test it properly — clean-tasting isn’t the same as tested-safe.
Is rainwater off a tin roof cleaner than off concrete?
In my experience, clearly yes. Runoff from my tin (lámina) roof is cleaner than off the concrete roof, so I feed the cistern (and the house) from the tin roof and send concrete-roof water to a separate tank for washing clothes. The roof material and the water you can collect are linked decisions.
Do I need a permit for an off-grid water system?
Rainwater catchment is one thing; drilling a deep well (pozo profundo) is another — as a foreign resident I understood I needed to confirm permission before drilling, and water is regulated. Wastewater handling is also subject to rules. I’d treat all of this as something to confirm with a lawyer or the relevant authority for your own site rather than assume — in Mexico, water is regulated federally through CONAGUA. I’m describing my setup, not the law.
Written by Luke Burchell
I self-managed the construction of my own house in San Cristóbal de las Casas, Chiapas, which runs off-grid on rainwater — catchment, a 10,000-litre cistern, gravity feed, and a wastewater system I built by hand. Before that I spent years on rural-development work in Guatemala. Everything here is from that experience: what I built, what I’d change, and what I’d plan earlier.
Brick vs block in Mexico: why I used four wall materials
When I built my own house in San Cristóbal de las Casas, Chiapas, I didn’t pick one wall material and use it everywhere. I used brick, standard cement block, tabicón and a lightweight thermal block in different parts of the same house — because the right answer changed from wall to wall, with the sun, the shade, the weight and the budget. Most people ask it as a simple brick vs block question; in Mexico I found the better answer was to choose the material for each wall in turn. Here’s what each one cost, how each feels to live with, and where I’d use each again.
PlaceSan Cristóbal, Chiapas
MaterialsBrick · block · tabicón · thermal
PricesPaid 2024–26, per unit
Check locallyPrices vary ~30% by zone
Brick vs block: which was cheaper, and which felt better?
There’s no single best wall material here — there’s a best one for each wall. Standard cement block — the hollow concrete block that’s the default here — is the cheapest wall to build and a solid all-rounder. Brick costs the most per wall (it looks cheap per piece, but you lay far more of them) — its case is looks and comfort, not price. The lightweight thermal block I used is the priciest unit, and I put it on the walls that sit in shade all year. Tabicón sits in the middle.
If I had to give one rule: match the material to the wall’s exposure — thermal mass (block or brick) where the sun hits, lighter insulating block where it doesn’t — rather than buying one block for the whole house.
First, what I mean by “thermal block”
“Thermal block” is a slippery term — internationally it can mean AAC/aerated concrete (Hebel), fired-clay termoarcilla, or various lightweight blocks, and they don’t all behave the same. In this article it means the specific thing I was offered locally in Chiapas: a lightweight block made of pómez (pumice) — porous volcanic stone. That’s why it’s light and mildly insulating (less so than I thought it would be), and it’s not the same product as AAC, Hebel or termoarcilla. Treat everything below as my experience with the pómez block, not a verdict on every “thermal block” sold elsewhere.
From the actual build
Different wall materials on one self-managed build in San Cristóbal de las Casas, Chiapas — grey cement block, red-brick infill panels and concrete columns in the same house.
The line-up
The four wall materials I used
All four are common in Chiapas, all four went into my house. The ✓ unit prices are what I paid during my build, mostly in 2024–26, in Mexican pesos. I found some materials up to about 30% cheaper near where they were made. Prices move; check them against a local materialista before you plan around them.
What each is, and what it cost
Material
What it is
Each
Size
≈ pieces per m² of wall
Brick (tabique / ladrillo)
Fired clay; small, solid, traditional
✓ MX$7
26×7 cm
~45
Tabicón
Solid cement brick, bigger than clay brick
✓ MX$9
28×10 cm
~30
Hollow cement block
Standard hollow concrete block — the default here
✓ MX$15
~40×20 cm
~12
Thermal block (pómez)
Lightweight pumice-stone block
✓ MX$19
~40×20 cm
~12
The pieces-per-m² figures estimate how many units cover a square metre of wall; they are not costs. These are approximate wall-face calculations from the units I had locally — not manufacturer specs. They assume a 1.5 cm mortar joint; a brick wall runs roughly 3¾ bricks across and 12 courses up per square metre. One more solid block worth knowing: a cement-filled block (a hollow block filled with concrete) behaves much like tabicón in everything below.
Cost
Brick vs block cost: the cheapest unit makes the most expensive wall
Brick is the cheapest piece on the list and the dearest wall to build — that surprised me, and it’s the single most useful thing on this page.
Look at the per-unit prices and brick (MX$7) looks like the bargain. But you don’t buy a wall by the piece — you buy it by the square metre, and that’s where it flips. A square metre of wall takes about 45 bricks but only ~12 blocks. So even though each brick is half the price of a block, you’re laying nearly four times as many of them — and every one of those extra pieces needs mortar around it and a mason’s time to place it.
On my build that meant brick walls came out clearly the most expensive: more units, much more cement and sand for all the extra joints, and walling labour that worked out close to double. Standard cement block was the cheapest wall to build, precisely because each piece covers the most and you lay the fewest. Tabicón sits in between. The lightweight thermal block is the priciest unit (MX$19) and covers the same area as a block, so it’s the most expensive of the “big block” options — you’re paying for the pumice, not for coverage.
What doesn’t change with your choice
On my build, the reinforced-concrete framework — the castillos (columns) and cadenas (ties) — was a cost shared across the different wall materials. A different material or layout may require a different structural design. That’s what stops a brick house from simply costing several times a block one: you’re only paying the difference on the walling units, mortar and labour, not on the structure.
A reminder on the numbers: these are the Chiapas unit prices I paid during the build, mostly in 2024–26, and brick and thermal block in particular run up to about 30% cheaper near where they’re fabricated. When you compare quotes, ask where each material is actually made, not just the price per piece — a cheaper block loses its edge if it has to travel far, arrives broken, or is hard for your mason to resource. Treat them as a structure to compare with your own local quotes, not a national price list. The full build budget these came from is in the cost to build a house in Mexico breakdown.
Comfort
Brick, block and thermal block: how each one feels to live with
This is the part you can’t get from a spec sheet, and the reason I didn’t just build the cheapest wall everywhere. I have all four materials on adjacent walls of the same house, in the same climate — so this is a like-for-like comparison of how they feel through a warm Chiapas day and a cold night.
Warm day vs cold night
Material
Warm day
Cold night
Brick
Warms and cools gradually; evens out the day.
Holds a little warmth; the kindest to the touch of the four.
Hollow cement block
A touch cooler than brick.
Cools very quickly. Very cold by morning.
Tabicón
Warms up in direct sun; very cold in shade. Even in sun, cooler than brick.
Icy to the touch — but if it caught the day’s sun, it holds that warmth into the evening better than hollow block.
Thermal block (pómez)
Warms up only a little.
Surprisingly similar to hollow block.
The headline is that brick simply feels better to live with — cement block is noticeably cold to the touch, while brick absorbs and releases heat gently and takes the edges off both hot afternoons and cold mornings. That comfort, not cost, is the real reason to choose brick.
The thermal block surprised me — and not the way I expected
I’d assumed the pómez “thermal” block would feel noticeably warmer on a cold night. It doesn’t — those walls feel much like the hollow-block ones. Its job isn’t to store warmth (it’s light and low-mass) but to slow heat moving through the wall. So it earns its place on walls where you’re trying to stop warmth leaking out, not where you want a wall to soak up the day’s sun and radiate it back. Honest verdict: useful, but a quieter benefit than the name suggests.
Weight
Weight, structure and an earthquake zone
As a rough rule on my build, the heavier units felt more substantial — but they also put more weight into the structure holding them up.
A rough rule that helped me: heavier units (block, tabicón, brick) have more load-bearing capacity, but they also need a stronger structure to hold them up, which matters most on upper floors. The pómez thermal block is the odd one out here — it’s much lighter than cement block because it’s pumice. Living in an earthquake zone, I found it genuinely reassuring to have the lighter block high up in the house: less mass overhead is less to move in a quake. If I were choosing again, I’d be quicker to spend on the lightweight pómez block high up — where the weight saving counts most — than on a sunny ground-floor wall, where the mass of block or brick is actually useful.
Load-bearing capacity and structural design differ between these materials and with your own layout — this is my lived experience, not engineering advice. Confirm anything structural, especially on upper floors or a slope, with someone qualified for your build. For official background, see the CENAPRED guide to safer self-built housing, published by SEDATU.
Finish
Render, exposed brick, and a cost you can claw back
Most walls here get a cement render (aplanado) inside and out, and it’s one of the bigger line items late in the build. That’s where brick claws back some of its extra cost: brick doesn’t have to be rendered if you like the look of exposed brick, so a brick wall can be both the finish and the structure at once. I’ve used it that way as an interior feature — practical and good-looking, and you skip a whole render bill on that wall.
The render choice: lime mix or pure cement?
On the exterior you have a budget choice. A pure sand-and-cement render (no lime) is more water-resistant and needs no paint, which saves you both paint and the labour of painting — but it’s far more prone to cracking, and it doesn’t let the wall breathe. A 50% lime mix breathes and cracks less, which matters through San Cristóbal’s humid rainy season, when a wall that can’t breathe is more prone to trapping damp — but it does need painting.
And if you go with lime, there’s no rush on the paint: it can go on long after the render. Leave that decision — the cost, and choosing the perfect colour — for when the budget allows.
The decision
Which wall gets which material
This is the whole point of the page: I matched the material to what each wall had to do. Here’s the logic I used, and would use again.
Before you choose, ask of each wall
Does this wall get direct sun, or is it in shade all year?
Is it upstairs or carrying extra weight?
Will it be rendered, painted, or left exposed?
Is it a bedroom or living room where a cold wall matters?
Is the material fabricated nearby, or trucked in from another zone?
Sun-exposed walls
Thermal mass — block or brick
Walls that catch the sun want mass that can soak up the day’s heat and release it through the cold San Cristóbal evenings. Standard cement block does this; brick does it and feels nicer.
Year-round shade
Lightweight thermal (pómez)
Walls that never get sun aren’t going to store heat anyway, so the job is to slow heat escaping. That’s where the lighter pómez block earns its place — and its low weight is a bonus upstairs.
Walls you’ll see and feel
Brick
Where comfort and looks matter — a room you live in, a feature wall — brick’s gentle warmth and the option to leave it exposed (no render) make it worth the higher walling cost.
For everything else — the bulk of a normal house — standard cement block is the sensible default: cheapest to build, quick, and a perfectly good wall. I treated the other three as deliberate choices for specific walls, not as a whole-house material.
Decide this before the plumbing and wiring go in
Choosing materials wall by wall isn’t only about looks — it affects what you order, what gets rendered or left exposed, and where the plumbing and electrical chases can run. Settle the wall plan before those routes go in, not after. More on that in managing your own house build.
In hindsight
What I’d do differently
Two things. First, I’d plan the wall materials room by room from the start — sun exposure, shade, and which rooms actually need to stay warm — instead of deciding wall by wall as the build reached each one. The thinking is the same; doing it up front would have been cheaper to order and simpler to manage.
Second, my bedroom is built from hollow cement block and it’s freezing in winter. The fix I have planned isn’t to rebuild it — it’s to add external insulation to the outside of that wall, which slows the heat loss without losing the wall’s mass. If a room has to be warm and it’s already block, insulating the outside is usually easier than changing the wall.
Questions
Common questions
Is brick or block cheaper for building a house in Mexico?
Standard cement block is cheaper to build a wall with, even though a single brick costs less than a block. You lay about 45 bricks per square metre versus ~12 blocks, so brick means far more units, far more mortar, and roughly double the walling labour. On my Chiapas build brick was clearly the more expensive wall — its advantage is comfort and looks, not cost.
What is a “thermal block” (block térmico) in Mexico?
The one I used is a lightweight block made of pómez — pumice, a porous volcanic stone — which makes it light and mildly insulating. Be careful with the term: “thermal block” elsewhere can mean AAC/aerated concrete (Hebel) or fired-clay termoarcilla, which behave differently. Ask exactly what a supplier means by it locally.
What’s the difference between tabicón and a hollow block?
Tabicón is a solid cement brick (about 28×10 cm); a hollow block is the bigger, hollow concrete unit (about 40×20 cm) that’s the default here. The block covers more wall per piece, so it’s quicker and cheaper to build with; tabicón is smaller and denser. In how it feels day-to-night, tabicón behaves much like a cement-filled block.
Which wall material is best for a cold climate?
It depends on the wall. For walls that get sun, thermal mass — cement block or brick — soaks up daytime heat and releases it at night, which helped in the cold San Cristóbal winters. For walls in permanent shade, a lighter insulating block (the pómez “thermal” block) slows heat escaping. Brick feels the warmest to the touch of the four. There isn’t one “warmest” material — there’s a best one per wall.
Do I have to use the same block for the whole house?
No — and I didn’t. I used brick, cement block, tabicón and pómez thermal block in different parts of one house, matched to each wall’s sun and shade. Standard cement block is the sensible default for most of a house; the others are worth choosing deliberately for specific walls.
Is thermal block worth it?
In my experience, on the right wall. The pómez block didn’t make cold nights noticeably warmer — its benefit is slowing heat loss, not storing warmth — so it earns its place on shaded walls and high up, where its light weight also helps in an earthquake zone. I wouldn’t pay the premium to use it across a whole house.
Is tabicón the same as brick?
No. In local use, brick (also tabique or ladrillo) is the small fired-clay unit; tabicón is a larger, solid cement brick. They look related but they’re different materials, and they cost and behave differently — as the tables above show.
Is the pómez thermal block the same as Hebel or AAC?
No. The block I used is made of pómez — pumice, a porous volcanic stone. AAC / aerated concrete (sold under names like Hebel) and fired-clay termoarcilla are different products that perform differently. If a supplier offers a “thermal block,” ask exactly what it’s made of before comparing it to anything here.
I built and managed my own house in San Cristóbal de las Casas, Chiapas, using four different wall materials on the same house. The prices and the comfort comparisons here are from that build — what each one cost me, how each feels to live with, and where I’d use each again.